Systems and methods of determining physical conditions of a battery, such as state of charge (SOC), state of health (SOH), quality of construction, defect, or failure state include driving two or more acoustic signals of two or more amplitudes, each acoustic signal having two or more frequencies, into the battery and detecting vibrations generated in the battery based on the two or more acoustic signals. Nonlinear response characteristics of the battery for the two or more acoustic signals are determined from the detected vibrations. The physical conditions of the battery are determined based at least in part on the nonlinear response characteristics, using nonlinear acoustic resonance spectroscopy (NARS) or nonlinear resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (NRUS).

Disclosed are a method and an apparatus for generating a tactile sensation. The method of generating the tactile sensation according to an embodiment of the present disclosure may include: determining a tactile sensation information; generating wave signals associated with each tactile sensation information; generating ultrasonic driving signals in which phases and output timings of the wave signals are adjusted based on frequencies and a number of the wave signals; and generating the tactile sensation associated with the ultrasonic driving signals.

A method of manipulating and/or investigating cellular bodies (9) is provided. The method comprises the steps of: providing a sample holder (3) comprising a holding space (5) for holding a fluid medium (11); providing a sample (7) comprising one or more cellular bodies (9) in a fluid medium (11) in the holding space (5); generating an acoustic wave in the holding space exerting a force (F) on the sample (7) in the holding space (5). The method further comprises providing the holding space (5) with a functionalised wall surface portion (17) to be contacted by the sample (7) and the sample (7) is in contact with the functionalised wall surface portion (17) during at least part of the step of application of the acoustic wave. A system and a sample holder (3) are also provided.

A linear-thermal-sensor testing system has a signal generator and a reflection analyzer. The signal generator generates a series of damped sinusoidal impulse signals each of a different frequency, and transmits the damped sinusoidal impulse signals to a first end of the linear thermal sensor. The linear thermal sensor generates a reflection signal corresponding to each of series the damped sinusoidal impulse signals at a plurality of electrical discontinuities in the linear thermal sensing array. The reflection analyzer receives a reflection signal from the first end of the linear thermal sensor. The reflection signal has indicia of electrical properties and locations within the linear thermal sensor for each of the plurality of electrical discontinuities. The reflection analyzer calculates the electrical properties and the locations within the linear thermal sensor based on the indicia of the received reflection signal.

An electro-magnetic acoustic transducer (EMAT) system and method for controlling the EMAT system are provided. The system includes an electromagnet array with one or more electromagnets. Each electromagnet includes a magnetic core and a wound coil wrapped around the magnetic core. The electromagnet array generates bias magnetic fields having different patterns when the wound coils are energized differently.

The system includes an ultrasonic measuring device including ultrasonic transmitters and ultrasonic receivers, the ultrasonic measuring device carrying out ultrasonic measurements on a zone of interest of the component divided according to a gridding including cells, and carrying out the measurements cell after cell with the generation, by all the ultrasonic transmitters, of an ultrasonic signal that is sent into the component, and the measurement, by all the ultrasonic receivers, of the amplitude of the ultrasonic signal reflected by the cell in question of the component, a unit for computing, for all of the cells of the gridding, the sum of the amplitudes of all the measurements carried out for that cell, and a processing part for deducing the presence or absence of one or more defects. The system detects all the defects existing in the zone of interest of the component, whatever their orientation may be.

The present invention discloses an automatic sensitivity testing method for a dual-crystal ultrasonic probe and a flaw detection system. The sensitivity automatic testing method does not require a standard test block; and an emitter and an echo pole of the dual-crystal ultrasonic probe emit and receive interface waves independently of each other: the wafer of the emitter or the echo pole generating an ultrasonic wave, the end face of the dual-crystal ultrasonic probe performing emission to form an interface wave, and the interface wave being received by the wafer generating the ultrasonic wave; or the emitter and the echo pole of the dual-crystal ultrasonic probe being in parallel to form an emitting and echo pole; and the wafer emitting the echo pole generating ultrasonic waves, and the end face of the dual-crystal ultrasonic probe performing emission to form an interface wave, which is received by the wafer emitting the echo pole. The present invention can automatically test the sensitivity of the dual-crystal ultrasonic probe and the flaw detection system thereof rapidly in a short time without a standard test block.

Systems and methods are provided whereby a directional property of an ultrasound transducer element, such as a steering direction, is controlled according to a first driving waveform that is delivered to opposing propagation electrodes and a second driving waveform that is delivered to opposing lateral electrodes. The directional property may be controlled according a phase difference and/or relative amplitude between the first and second driving waveforms, and/or the selective actuation of one or more lateral electrodes when the lateral electrodes are defined in an array. The ultrasound transducer element may be a ring-shaped transducer element and a directional property associated with a focal region may be controlled. In some example embodiments, array elements of an ultrasound transducer array may each include propagation and lateral electrodes, with each array element being driven by respective first and second driving waveforms to focus the ultrasound energy emitted by the ultrasound transducer array.

The present invention relates to a device (10) and a method for processing an electrical signal (SG1) for an ultrasonic transmitting device (20). The method comprises: generating an electrical signal (SG1) defining ultrasonic waves (W), the periodicity of the electrical signal (SG1) being modified by modulation (ML1) of the phase of the signal (PH1); and supplying the electrical signal (SG1) to the ultrasonic transmitting device (20) to cause the ultrasonic waves (W) to be emitted.

Systems and methods are provided whereby a directional property of an ultrasound transducer element, such as a steering direction, is controlled according to a first driving waveform that is delivered to opposing propagation electrodes and a second driving waveform that is delivered to opposing lateral electrodes. The directional property may be controlled according a phase difference and/or relative amplitude between the first and second driving waveforms, and/or the selective actuation of one or more lateral electrodes when the lateral electrodes are defined in an array. The ultrasound transducer element may be a ring-shaped transducer element and a directional property associated with a focal region may be controlled. In some example embodiments, array elements of an ultrasound transducer array may each include propagation and lateral electrodes, with each array element being driven by respective first and second driving waveforms to focus the ultrasound energy emitted by the ultrasound transducer array.