The present disclosure discusses a method of separating a sample (e.g., pharmaceutical drug, genotoxic impurity, biomarker, and/or biological metabolite) including coating a metallic flow path of a chromatographic system; injecting the sample into the chromatographic system; flowing the sample through the chromatographic system; separating the sample; and analyzing the separated sample using mass spectroscopy. In some examples, the coating applied to the surfaces defining the flow path is non-binding with respect to the sample—and the separated sample. Consequently, the sample does not bind to the low-binding surface of the coating of the flow path. The applied coating can increase the chromatographic peak area for the sample of the chromatographic system.

The present invention discloses a method for product quality control and fingerprint detection of an epimedium brevicornu complex. The method uses high performance liquid chromatography, and can effectively realize the quality control of products containing traditional Chinese medicine components, and especially stable control of the quality of products containing a large quantity of non-traditional Chinese medicine components in formulas. Through step-by-step quality control, product quality fluctuation is reduced and stable quality is ensured. Meanwhile, the method is simple and convenient, does not need additional instruments and standards, saves the cost and is more conducive to actual production.

A method for identifying converters from tobacco seedling population. The method includes: 1) sowing and cultivating tobacco seeds to be identified for 45-55 days; sampling a plurality of leaf disks from each of 45-55 days old seedlings; 2) incubating the plurality of leaf disks of each seedling in a sealed container at 37° C. for 10-12 hours, thereby obtaining a plurality of incubated tobacco leaves of each seedling; 3) immersing the plurality of incubated tobacco leaves of each seedling in an extractant, extracting alkaloids and obtaining an extract of each seedling; 4) analyzing the amounts of nicotine and nornicotine in the alkaloids extract of each seedling; and 5) automatically recognizing peaks of the alkaloids extract of each seedling, and calculating the percent nicotine conversion (PNC) and the pseudo percent nicotine conversion (PPNC).

A composition comprising an ethylene/alpha-olefin interpolymer that comprises the following properties: a) a total unsaturation/1000C≥0.30; b) a molecular weight distribution (MWD)≤3.0; c) a TGIC broadness parameter B.sub.1/4≤8.0. A solution N polymerization process to prepare an ethylene/alpha-olefin/interpolymer, said process comprising polymerizing, in one reactor, at a reactor temperature ≥150° C., a reaction mixture comprising ethylene, an alpha-olefin, a solvent, and a metal complex as described herein. A method to determine the TGIC broadness parameter B.sub.1/x of a polymer composition comprising one or more olefin-based polymers.

A first liquid raw material and a second liquid raw material are reacted with each other by a reactor of a reaction device, so that a reaction product is produced. The reaction product is analyzed by an analyzer. In the controller, the reference value is acquired by the reference value acquirer from the chromatogram obtained from the result of the analysis by the analyzer. An upper limit value and a lower limit value with respect to the reference value are set by an allowable range setter. At least one of a residence time of the first liquid raw material, a residence time of the second liquid raw material, a reaction temperature, and a reaction pressure in the reactor is dynamically changed as a control target by a reaction controller such that the reference value falls between the upper limit value and the lower limit value.

A first liquid raw material and a second liquid raw material are reacted with each other by a reactor of a reaction device, so that a reaction product is produced. The reaction product is analyzed by an analyzer. In the controller, the reference value is acquired by the reference value acquirer from the chromatogram obtained from the result of the analysis by the analyzer. An upper limit value and a lower limit value with respect to the reference value are set by an allowable range setter. At least one of a residence time of the first liquid raw material, a residence time of the second liquid raw material, a reaction temperature, and a reaction pressure in the reactor is dynamically changed as a control target by a reaction controller such that the reference value falls between the upper limit value and the lower limit value.

A method for synchronizing data for gas samples with volatile organic compounds. The data includes chromatographic data indicative of molecule retention times. The method includes identifying or selecting marker molecules and clustering the plurality of gas samples into a plurality of clusters according to a clustering criterion. Next, a first correction of retention time deviations is performed on the data for the gas samples between clusters by using the marker molecules as anchor points to provide a coarse reduction of retention time deviations between the data. Finally, a second correction of retention time deviations is performed on the data, so as to further reduce retention time deviations between the data. The method reduces significant retention time deviations to allow, e.g., breath sample fingerprints obtained by different equipment at different times to be compared in one database for use on a digital platform.

An open system pyrolysis of a first hydrocarbon source rock sample obtained from a natural system is performed within a pyrolysis chamber by maintaining the pyrolysis chamber at a substantially constant temperature. Hydrocarbons are recovered from the pyrolysis chamber released by the first hydrocarbon source rock sample. A thermo-vaporization is performed within the pyrolysis chamber on the pyrolyzed sample at a substantially constant temperature. A first hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of hydrocarbon source rock is determined. A second hydrocarbon rock sample is ground to a grain size less than or equal to or less than 250 micrometers. A second pyrolysis is performed on the ground hydrocarbon source rock sample by maintaining the chamber at a substantially constant temperature. A second hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of the hydrocarbon source rock in the natural system is determined. The first hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency is verified using the second hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency.

A display control unit (52) displays a screen for setting sample information on a display unit (8) for each sample placed in a sample placement section (20), and an input processing unit (53) receives information such as a culture name and seeding date and time information input by an operator via an operation unit (7), and stores the information in a storage unit (55). This file is transferred to a data processing unit (4) and stored in a sample information storage unit (40). After analyzing the respective samples in an LC-MS (3), a quantitative analysis unit (42) performs a quantitative analysis based on the obtained data, associates the analysis result with the sample information, and stores the data in an analysis result storage unit (43). As a result, the sample information and the analysis result of the respective samples in the preprocessing stage are associated with each other. Result display processing unit (44) arranges sample information and an analysis result for one sample on the same screen and displays them on display unit (8). With this display, an operator can easily and accurately grasp the correspondence relationship between the sample information and the analysis result of a plurality of sample to be subjected to preprocessing.

A display control unit (52) displays a screen for setting sample information on a display unit (8) for each sample placed in a sample placement section (20), and an input processing unit (53) receives information such as a culture name and seeding date and time information input by an operator via an operation unit (7), and stores the information in a storage unit (55). This file is transferred to a data processing unit (4) and stored in a sample information storage unit (40). After analyzing the respective samples in an LC-MS (3), a quantitative analysis unit (42) performs a quantitative analysis based on the obtained data, associates the analysis result with the sample information, and stores the data in an analysis result storage unit (43). As a result, the sample information and the analysis result of the respective samples in the preprocessing stage are associated with each other. Result display processing unit (44) arranges sample information and an analysis result for one sample on the same screen and displays them on display unit (8). With this display, an operator can easily and accurately grasp the correspondence relationship between the sample information and the analysis result of a plurality of sample to be subjected to preprocessing.