An instrument for processing and/or measuring a biological process comprises a sample processing system and an excitation source exhibiting a spectral function of output power or intensity verses wavelength of output power or intensity. The spectral function has a minima wavelength corresponding to a local minima value of the output power or intensity; a first maxima wavelength corresponding to a first local maxima of output power or intensity, the output power or intensity at the first local maxima being greater than the output power or intensity at any wavelength less than the minima wavelength; a second maxima wavelength corresponding to a second local maxima of output power or intensity, the output power or intensity at the second local maxima being greater than the output at any wavelength greater than the minima wavelength; the minima wavelength is between the first maxima wavelength and the second maxima wavelength.

Disclosed herein are systems and methods for imaging cells. Quantitative phase imaging uses variations in the index of refraction of a sample as a source of endogenous contrast, providing label-free information of sub-cellular structures and allowing for the reconstruction of valuable biophysical parameters, such as cell dry-mass at femtogram scales, mass transport, and sample thickness and fluctuations at nanometer scales. As a result, QPI has become a valuable tool in biology and medicine. However, QPI has suffered from the need for trans-illumination through relatively thin objects in order to gain access to the forward-scattered field, which carries crucial low spatial frequency information of a sample and avoid contributions from multiple scattered light or out-of-focus planes. The disclosed methods and systems can provide for reconstruction of QPI and corresponding analysis for imaging samples of cells in thick samples using an epi-illumination configuration.

Systems and methods for skewed basis set fitting may include obtaining measured absorption data indicative of an amount of absorption of light by a sample gas at each of multiple frequencies, determining an absorption dependent cavity time constant indicative of a skew to the measured absorption data caused by light reflections within a cavity in which the sample gas is contained, obtaining reference absorption data including basis sets indicative of reference amounts of light absorbed by each of multiple gases at each of the multiple frequencies, skewing the reference absorption data based on the absorption dependent cavity time constant to generate skewed reference absorption data, and fitting the measured absorption data to the skewed reference absorption data to identify an amount of at least one constituent gas within the sample gas.

An electronic device is provided which includes a light emitting module that radiates infrared light, a window disposed on the light emitting module and having a specific refractive index with respect to the infrared light, wherein the window includes a refraction part that totally reflects the infrared light inside the window in correspondence with the specific refractive index, and a fingerprint sensor disposed under the window and obtaining a fingerprint of a user based on a user input on the window by using scattered light of the infrared light.

Presented herein are systems and methods directed to a multispectral absorption-based imaging approach offering improved detection, localization, and quantification of gas emission. The imaging technology described herein utilizes an optical sensor and broadband illumination in combination with specialized reflector installments mounted about the site. The optical sensor detects light (e.g., reflected) from locations along the reflector installment. Lines-of-sight from the optical sensor to locations along the reflector installment sweep out an “optical curtain” partially enclosing and/or forming a boundary near various assets to be monitored. Optical absorption signatures from leaking gas crossing the optical curtain can be used to detect, localize, and obtain quantitative measures characterizing the leak. Measurements from reflector installments can be combined with measurements obtained via reflection of ambient light from background materials in a hybrid approach that expands monitoring capabilities and offers improvements in detection.

A monitoring system for monitoring an electric machine is provided. A mini-camera for observing the electric machine is arranged inside the electric machine. Moreover, the mini-camera is arranged movably on guide elements, wherein the guide element is designed in such a way that the mini-camera is held in an uncritical parked position during the operation of the electric machine.

A versatile method(s) capable of reducing the time required for measurement of reflection characteristics and the amount of data indicating measurement results is (are) provided herein. An information processing apparatus may determine a measurement condition to measure reflection characteristics of an object which is to be used to generate a virtual image that can be obtained when a virtual object is observed from a predetermined virtual viewpoint in a virtual space where a virtual light source and virtual object are disposed. The information processing apparatus may include a path acquisition unit configured to acquire a path of light along which light emitted from the virtual light source reaches the virtual viewpoint after being reflected on the virtual object, and a determination unit configured to determine a measurement condition of the reflection characteristics corresponding to the path of light based on the path of light acquired by the path acquisition unit.

Methods including applying a photo-activated catalyst to a window, directing an ultraviolet light onto the window, producing a bleach via an oxidation reaction, and breaking down organic compounds located on the window using the bleach are provided. Also provided herein are systems including an ultraviolet light source and a window having a photo-activated catalyst layer.

Systems and methods for determining the cleanliness of a surface. Surface marking systems of the present disclosure can include a plurality of retroreflective microspheres dispersed in or dispensed on a carrier. Applicators of the present disclosure can include a container comprising the surface marking system, and a dispenser. Methods of the present disclosure can include applying the surface marking system to at least one discrete site on the surface; illuminating the at least one discrete site on the surface with visible light, after a cleaning; and detecting retroreflection emitted from the at least one discrete site on the surface in response to illuminating the at least one discrete site to determine the effectiveness of the cleaning of the surface.

A hybrid probe includes a probe body including a wiring and extending in a first direction; and a probe tip coupled to the probe body and including a first antenna, a second antenna, and an isolation layer. The hybrid probe may operate in a reflection mode using the first antenna and the second antenna, and operate in a transmission mode using the second antenna.