Apparatus and methods for analyzing single molecule and performing nucleic acid sequencing. An integrated device includes multiple pixels with sample wells configured to receive a sample, which, when excited, emits radiation; at least one element for directing the emission radiation in a particular direction; and a light path along which the emission radiation travels from the sample well toward a sensor. The apparatus also includes an instrument that interfaces with the integrated device. Each sensor may detect emission radiation from a sample in a respective sample well. The instrument includes an excitation light source for exciting the sample in each sample well.

The invention relates to an illumination filter (36, 44) for an illumination filter system (2) for medical imaging, in particular multispectral fluorescence imaging, as performed e.g. in a microscope (1) or endoscope, in particular a multispectral fluorescence microscope. The present invention provides an illumination filter for medical imaging, in particular a multispectral fluorescence imaging, that is capable of capturing simultaneously more than one fluorescence signal, and allow a homogeneous illumination for obtaining different images from the object illuminated by comprising a spatial filter pattern (43) masking a defined filtering fraction of a first illumination path (47) on the filter and masking a defined filtering fraction of a second illumination path (48, 49, 50) on the filter, wherein the filtering fraction of the first and the second illumination paths (47, 48, 49, 50) are different. The invention further relates to an illumination filter system (2) for medical imaging, in particular multispectral fluorescence imaging, as performed e.g. in a microscope (1) or endoscope, in particular a multispectral fluorescence microscope, comprising such illumination filter (36, 44).

The present invention relates to a multi-function spectroscopic device which includes a first lens installed in an emission direction of parallel light emitted by a parallel light generation part and configured to focus the light in a center portion thereof with respect to a light axis of the parallel light, a second lens disposed to face the first lens and configured to convert light which moves through a first focus of the first lens and is diffused into parallel light, a reference mirror installed to face the second lens to reflect light which moves through the second lens, a beam splitter installed between the first lens and the second lens and disposed to reflect some of the light which moves through the first lens in a direction intersecting a light axis of the first lens and to transmit the remaining light toward the second lens, a third lens configured to focus light which moves through the beam splitter onto a measurement object, a fourth lens configured to focus light which is reflected by the measurement object and reversely moves through the third mirror and the beam splitter, a fifth lens configured to convert light which is diffused through a second focus of the fourth lens into parallel light, and a diffraction grating obliquely disposed with respect to a light axis of the fifth lens and configured to diffract parallel light which moves through the fifth lens and split the parallel light. Such a multi-function spectroscopic device provides an advantage in that a film thickness, a surface shape, and a refractive index can be measured by using a desired measurement method using an integrated optical system.

Disclosed are improved integrated computational elements for use in optical computing devices. One integrated computational element includes an optical substrate, first and second pluralities of optical thin film layers alternatingly deposited on the optical substrate to form a thin film stack, wherein each optical thin film layer of the first plurality exhibits a first refractive index and each optical thin film layer of the second plurality exhibits a second refractive index different than the first refractive index, and at least one additional optical thin film layer arranged in or on the thin film stack and in optical communication with at least one of the optical thin film layers of the first and second pluralities, the at least one additional optical thin film layer exhibiting a third refractive index that is different than the first and second refractive indices.

A gas analysis system, includes: a light-emitting element that emits a laser light modulated by a predetermined modulation frequency; and a light-receiving element that: receives the laser light that has passed through a measurement target gas; and upon receiving the laser light, outputs a received signal having an N-frequency that is n times the predetermined modulation frequency, wherein n is an integer no less than 2; and a signal processing device that: calculates a third component by removing, from a first component having the N-frequency, a second component, wherein the second component is a component of optical interference noise arising on an optical path of the laser light from the light-emitting element to the light-receiving element and has the same frequency as the first component; and calculates, based on a magnitude of the third component, a concentration of the measurement target gas.

A sensor for determining an air ratio of a fuel gas/air mixture, wherein a housing is formed, which delimitates a measuring space. The housing has on one side a diffusion passage for coupling with a fuel gas/air mixture flow, wherein the diffusion passage is formed by a gas-permeable separating agent. An electrically operated excitation element is arranged for energy supply into the measuring space in order to induce a chemical reaction of a fuel gas/air mixture in the measuring space. At least one optical detection device is directed into the measuring space with its detection area, wherein the at least one optical detection device detects the intensity of radiation from the reaction position in at least a first wavelength range and produces a signal being allocated to the detected intensity, from which the air ratio is inferable.

A metal film of a measurement device including a transparent dielectric substrate is irradiated with first light from a transparent dielectric substrate side, an optical electric field enhanced by an optical electric field enhancing effect of a localized plasmon induced to a surface of the metal film by the irradiation is generated, light emitted from the transparent dielectric substrate side is detected, a specimen installed on a surface of a metal fine concavo-convex structure layer and a matrix agent are irradiated with second light from a side opposite to the side of the irradiation with the first light in a state where a voltage is applied to the metal fine concavo-convex structure layer through a voltage application electrode, an analysis target substance for mass spectrometry in the specimen is desorbed from the surface by the irradiation, and the desorbed analysis target substance is detected.

The invention relates to an apparatus for the investigation of surface properties with a housing, a light source which directs light through an opening in the housing onto a surface to be investigated, with a first detector device which is arranged inside at a first pre-set angle with respect to the light beam radiated onto the surface by the light source, with a second detector device which is arranged at a second pre-set angle with respect to the light beam radiated onto the surface by the light source and with a third detector device which is arranged inside the housing at a third pre-set angle with respect to the light beam radiated onto the surface by the light source. According to the invention the apparatus has at least two filter elements with optical properties which are different from each other which are arranged on a common carrier movable with respect to the light source, in such a way that each of these filter elements is optionally capable of being brought into a beam path between the light source and the surface.

A measuring vessel in which a gas to be analyzed by spectrometry is intended to flow, the vessel being in the form of a hollow tube provided with a reflective material forming an optical-reflection layer, including a hollow tube is produced from a non-metallic material, and a removable supple optical article is applied against the internal surface of the hollow tube, the article including a supple flexible support, one face of the support being covered with a reflective metal material, the article being inserted in the tube so that the reflective metal material forms the optical-reflection layer.

A detection system for detecting analytes in a sample, and methods of making and using the detection system, are disclosed. The detection system includes at least one sensor having a substrate and an optical interference layer on the substrate. The optical interference layer includes a plurality of sample segments, wherein two or more of the plurality of sample segments are configured to have different affinities to two or more analytes in the sample. The detection system further includes at least one light source configured to illuminate the two or more of the plurality of sample segments, and at least one image detector configured to detect an interference spectrum from each of the two or more of the plurality of sample segments illuminated by the light source, thereby detecting the two or more analytes in the sample.