A computer-implemented device and method for identifying hardware Trojans and defects based on light emissions from Integrated Circuits (ICs) is provided. A measured emissions map is received based on light emissions captured from a sacrificial test IC. The sacrificial test IC is a partially manufactured IC fabricated to include a set of frontend layers of an IC architecture but not a set of backend layers of the IC architecture. The sacrificial test IC also includes a sacrificial layer for powering devices in the partially manufactured IC without the set of backend layers. An expected emissions map is derived from the sacrificial test IC and the measured emissions map is compared with the expected emissions map to identify deviations from the IC architecture in the frontend layers.

Calibration of optical computing devices is achieved using mapping functions that map real detector responses to simulated detector responses which are simulated using high-resolution spectra of traceable optical filters and optical computing device characteristics.

The invention discloses the method of improved optical network cable, where the loss of light is prevented by embedding in it light source and light receiver thus minimizing the consequences of improper joint in optical network.

In one exemplary embodiment, a method for calibrating an instrument is provided. The instrument includes an optical system capable of imaging florescence emission from a plurality of reaction sites. The method includes performing a region-of-interest (ROI) calibration to determine reaction site positions in an image. The method further includes performing a pure dye calibration to determine the contribution of a fluorescent dye used in each reaction site by comparing a raw spectrum of the fluorescent dye to a pure spectrum calibration data of the fluorescent dye. The method further includes performing an instrument normalization calibration to determine a filter normalization factor. The method includes performing an RNase P validation to validate the instrument is capable of distinguishing between two different quantities of sample.

A method is provided of using morphologically specific free-floating structures as Standards in the pharmaceutical industry to test objects in drug containers. These structures are micropatterned according to a desired pattern. A container is filled with a defined number of the standards, which then can be used as a standard reference for testing other drug products held in a drug container. The testing pertains to optically identifying structures in the drug container that can be similar in size and shape as the standards, or that can be different in size and shape as the standards. The advantage of the method is that imaging systems with tracking algorithms that count and track sub-visible and visible particles in solution can be used to identify e.g. glass flakes and other foreign particles by comparing them to the shape and size of the standard reference particles.

A hand-held microfluidic testing device is provided that includes a housing having a cartridge receiving port, a cartridge for input to the cartridge receiving port having a sample input and a channel, where the channel includes a mixture of Raman-scattering nanoparticles and a calibration solution, where the calibration solution includes chemical compounds capable of interacting with a sample under test input to the cartridge and the Raman-scattering nanoparticles, and an optical detection system in the housing, where the optical detection system is capable of providing an illuminated electric field, where the illuminating electric field is capable of being used for Raman spectroscopy with the Raman-scattering nanoparticles and the calibration solution to analyze the sample under test input to the cartridge.

The present invention relates to a method of generating reference data for inspecting a circuit board. The method comprises steps of scanning a bare circuit board to obtain image information of the bare circuit board, generating a compensation matrix using pad coordinate information extracted from the image information and pad coordinate information prestored in design data, and generating, by applying the compensation matrix to the image information, a reference data including coordinate information of a distinctive object. According to the method, inspection efficiency may optimized through quickly generating reference data without CAD information necessary for circuit board inspection.

The invention provides a method for determining oil contents in rocks. The method comprises steps of: measuring a plurality of calibration oil samples having different oil contents, and acquiring a holographic fluorescence spectral intensity corresponding to the calibration oil samples; acquiring a fit relation between the holographic fluorescence spectral intensity and the oil contents of the calibration oil, according to the oil contents of the plurality of calibration oil samples and a plurality of three-dimensional fluorescence spectral intensities corresponding thereto; adding a certain amount of the calibration oil after dilution to rocks to be measured, acquiring a sample of the rocks to be measured and performing a holographic fluorescence measurement of the rock sample to be measured; and introducing the holographic fluorescence spectral intensity of the rock sample to be measured to the fit relation, thus an oil content of the rock sample to be measured is obtained. Accordingly, oil is detectable together with an organic solvent without volatilization of the organic solvent, which not only saves time, but also address a low-detection-limit problem for oil content resulting from volatilization of oil when the organic solvent is volatilized in the conventional method.

A LIBS analysis system and method for liquids wherein a handheld LIBS analyzer has a nose section through which a laser beam passes. A sample holder positioner is attached to the nose section of the hand held LIBS analyzer. A sample holder is receivable in the sample holder positioner and includes a container for a liquid and an opening for filling the container with the liquid.

A determination method of determining a dynamic coefficient of variation limit (Cv.sub.TR, lim) for assessing validity of an optical test strip usable for an analytical measurement based on a color formation reaction is disclosed. Training sets of optical test strips and mobile devices are provided. A color reference card is also provided. Images are captured of reagent test regions of the optical test strip and of a color reference field(s) of the reference card. A training set of pairs of reagent test region coefficients of variation (Cv.sub.TR) and corresponding minimum color reference field coefficients of variation (Cv.sub.RF, min) are determined. A relation for determining the dynamic coefficient of variation limit (Cv.sub.TR, lim) for the respective reagent test region is derived. The dynamic coefficient of variation limit (Cv.sub.TR, lim) defines a maximum coefficient of variation (Cv.sub.TR, max) for reagent test regions of non-corrupted optical test strips.