A shear control instrument under a three-dimensional space condition and a control method of the shear control instrument can include a loading system, a transposition system and a control monitoring system. The loading system is used for loading a soil body sample. The transposition system is connected with the loading system in an anchoring manner and is used for adjusting the direction of the loading system. The control monitoring system is connected with the transposition system in an anchoring manner and is used for controlling the transposition system and monitoring test data.

A portable soil body in-situ shear test device includes: an active force system arranged externally, a passive shear system and an electromagnetic loading system arranged internally, and a ring knife system arranged at a bottom. Compared with the conventional in-situ soil shear strength test device and test method, the present invention is convenient to install and carry as well as simple to operate, and has strong applicability. The present invention is suitable for layered soils with large cross-plate shear test errors, and for soils with different consolidation degrees at various sites and various terrains. A test method adopting the device can simulate the shear strength of the soil mass under different overburden loads without disturbing the mechanical properties of the in-situ soil mass, which has high promotion value in the test of in-situ soil shear strength.

Disclosed are a system and methods for calibrating wall shear stress sensors. The system includes an oscillating plate coupled to an actuator and mounted on a rolling elements, and one or more sensors coupled to a height adjusting device. The system can further comprise a height control rod coupled to a height control base and a sensor holder configured to house the one or more sensors and supported on a connector, the connector configured to be rotatably disposed about the height control rod. The system can be calibrated by causing the actuator to oscillate the oscillating plate at a frequency, sensing, using the one or more sensors, shear stress at a wall, the shear stress at the wall being associated with a velocity field, and determining a theoretical wall shear stress based on fluid properties, the frequency, and the height of the one or more sensors above the oscillating plate.

Shear force and pressure on a structure are simultaneously monitored using signals received from sensors with antennas on the structure. For example, sensors and systems for monitoring shear force and pressure have applications including ulcer prevention associated with structures including shoes, prosthetics, wheel-chairs, and beds of bed-bound patients.

An integrated style shear apparatus for rock structural plane comprises a frame system, a vertical loading system, a horizontal loading system, and a shearing system. Both the vertical loading system and the horizontal loading system are fixed on, and the shearing system is installed inside the frame system. The shearing system is used to prepare the sample of structural plane and actualize the shear test, the vertical loading system and the horizontal loading system are used to provide normal stress and shear stress for the shearing system respectively. The present invention also provides an experimental method by using the integrated style shear apparatus for rock structural plane, and steps of the method including: sample placement, sample adjustment, sample preparation, sample loading, instrument hookup, exerting normal stress, exerting horizontal stress, measurement and description of shear area, repeating experiment, and normal stress and shear stress calculation. The present invention can effectively reduce sample preparation error and experimental error, and can rapidly and accurately determine shear strength and deformation parameters of rock structural plane.

A method that improves stretch flange formability of a steel sheet by individual treatment matching a material of the steel sheet without performing heat treatment in a die. This method is a method for manufacturing a steel sheet for cold press, and the steel sheet is manufactured by heating an edge of the steel sheet to a temperature within a heating temperature range preset according to a microstructure of the steel sheet and cooling the steel sheet. A region, within an edge of the steel sheet subjected to shearing in a shearing step, where it is estimated that a stretch flange crack is likely to occur when a press component is formed by cold pressing is determined, and a site to be heated and cooled is set within the region. By press-forming the manufactured steel sheet, a target press component is manufactured.

A portable shear testing device includes a shear force unit that has two elongated jaw members that are positioned adjacent to each other. One of the jaw members can be moved away from the other, stationary jaw member. One of the jaw members is moved by a pivotally mounted lever that laterally moves a load transfer block connected to the jaw member. A digital load cell is positioned between the lever and the load transfer block and a threaded knob is rotated to press against the lever.

A method for determining material parameters includes applying a character grid over a planar sample, clamping the planar sample in a frame in accordance with directions of orthotropy of the planar sample; collecting a first set of data that describes a first position of the character grid; applying predetermined normal and shear stresses to the planar sample thereby bringing the planar sample into a deformed state and changing the position of the character grid; collecting a second set of data that describes a second position of the character grid, determining a relative position change of the character grid by correlating the collected first set of data and the second set of data; determining a relative displacement and a current distortion state of the planar sample; determining a deformation equilibrium of the deformed state of the planar sample; and calculating the material parameters from the deformation equilibrium.

A numerical simulation tool for progressive failure in laminates utilizes a low fidelity approach. The numerical model includes an enriched element that is initially in a low fidelity form. The enriched elements may increase fidelity by splitting locally to simulate an ongoing damage process such as delamination.

An apparatus and method for separating welded multi-layered samples has a slotted engine-driven spindle that twists and pulls a layer from the sample, breaking the welds as the layer winds around the spindle. The sample is held between two clamps and a tensioning cylinder pulls a movable first clamp against the second stationery clamp. Sensors may sense the force required to break the welds and the data may be stored and analyzed in a computer.