Provided is an X-ray fluorescence analyzer capable of preventing a liquid sample from being measured in a vacuum atmosphere. A processing device is configured to analyze a sample according to an analysis condition set by a user. An analysis condition includes an atmospheric condition that defines the state of the atmosphere in a measurement chamber of a measurement device. The measurement device is provided with an exhaust device for exhausting an atmosphere in the measurement chamber. The processing device prohibits or stops the operation of the exhaust device when it is detected that the sample is a liquid by the detection device for detecting whether or not the sample is a liquid in a case where the atmospheric condition is set to a vacuum atmosphere.

A rotational device provides rotation of a location of interest about a rotational axis and includes first and second sockets each having three contact points distributed about the rotational axis. The contact points of each socket may be on convex surfaces and a spindle assembly is held between the sockets, which face each other along the rotational axis. The spindle assembly has a first convex surface centered about the rotational axis that contacts the contact points of the first socket, and a second convex surface that contacts the contact points of the second socket. The spindle assembly also has a drive shaft aligned with the rotational axis. Linear stages may be used to provide adjustment in one or more mutually perpendicular directions. An alternative embodiment uses a spindle assembly with two curved contact surfaces that contact respective curved surfaces that are adjacent to the rotational axis rather than aligned therewith.

A transmission type small-angle scattering device of the present invention includes a goniometer 10 including a rotation arm 11. The rotation arm 11 is freely turnable around a θ-axis extending in a horizontal direction from an origin with a vertical arrangement state of the rotation arm being defined as the origin, and has a vertical arrangement structure in which an X-ray irradiation unit 20 is installed on a lower-side end portion of the rotation arm 11, and a two-dimensional X-ray detector 30 is installed on an upper-side end portion of the rotation arm 11 to form a vertical arrangement structure.

An analysis apparatus comprises: a moveable stage assembly; a sample holder on a top surface of the stage assembly; a first photon source and a first photon detector or detector array, the first photon source being configured to emit a first beam of photons that intercepts the surface of a sample at a first location on the sample and the first photon detector or detector array being configured to detect photons that are emitted from the first location; and a second photon source and a second photon detector or detector array, the second photon source being configured to emit a second beam of photons that intercepts the surface of the sample at a second location on the sample, the second location being spaced apart from the first location, and the second photon detector or detector array being configured to detect photons that are emitted from the second location.

A spectrometer includes a crystal analyzer having a radius of curvature that defines a Rowland circle, a sample stage configured to support a sample such that the sample is offset from the Rowland circle, x-ray source configured to emit unfocused x-rays toward the sample stage, and a position-sensitive detector that is tangent to the Rowland circle. A method performed via a spectrometer includes emitting, via an x-ray source, unfocused x-rays toward a sample that is mounted on a sample stage such that the sample is offset from the Rowland Circle, thereby causing the sample to emit x-rays that impinge on the crystal analyzer or transmit a portion of the unfocused x-rays to impinge on the crystal analyzer; scattering, via the crystal analyzer, the x-rays that impinge on the crystal analyzer; and detecting the scattered x-rays via a position-sensitive detector that is tangent to the Rowland circle.

Disclosed herein is an apparatus comprising: a source configured to emit charged particles, an optical system and a stage; wherein the stage is configured to support a sample thereon and configured to move the sample by a first distance in a first direction; wherein the optical system is configured to form probe spots on the sample with the charged particles; wherein the optical system is configured to move the probe spots by the first distance in the first direction and by a second distance in a second direction, simultaneously, while the stage moves the sample by the first distance in the first direction; wherein the optical system is configured to move the probe spots by the first distance less a width of one of the probe spots in an opposite direction of the first direction, after the stage moves the sample by the first distance in the first direction.

A diagnostic support for a skin includes a radio-transparent structure that defines a folding surface of the skin and on which the skin may be stretched and consequently folded, thereby defining folded, mutually superimposed portions spaced apart from each other. The support may be used for radiographic inspection of a folded animal skin.

A three-dimensional x-ray imaging system includes at least one detector and an x-ray source including an x-ray transmissive vacuum window. The x-ray source is configured to produce diverging x-rays emerging from the vacuum window and propagating along an x-ray propagation axis extending through a region of interest of an object to the at least one detector. The diverging x-rays have propagation paths within an angular divergence angle greater than 1 degree centered on the x-ray propagation axis. The system further includes at least one sample motion stage configured to rotate the object about a rotation axis. The system further includes a sample mount configured to hold the object and comprises a first portion in the propagation paths of at least some of the diverging x-rays and having an x-ray transmission greater than 30% for x-rays having energies greater than 50% of a maximum x-ray energy of an x-ray spectrum of the diverging x-rays.

A support unit and a collimator are relatively rotated about the axis of rotation by a rotation driving device. The collimator has a blocking region that blocks X-rays and a transmission region that allows X-rays to pass therethrough. The transmission region has a vertex positioned on the axis of rotation, and the circumferential length of the transmission region increases proportionally as it advances outward from the vertex. A sample supported by the support unit is irradiated with X-rays by an X-ray source through the transmission region of the collimator, and the fluorescent X-rays from the sample are detected by the detector. The analysis of a composition of a sample is performed based on the fluorescent X-rays detected by the detector.

A tomographic imaging system and a connection assembly thereof are disclosed. The connection assembly includes a carrying platform and a holding bed. The carrying platform includes a rotatable component, a first circuit board and a connecting component. The rotatable component has a first end coupled to a rotor and rotates relative to the first circuit board and the connecting component. The holding bed includes a holding component, a bearing, and a second circuit board. The holding component includes an engaging portion and a holding portion. The second circuit board is coupled to the holding component through the bearing. The engaging portion is detachably connected to the second end of the rotatable component, and the second conductive terminals of the second circuit board abut against the first conductive terminals of the first circuit board to achieve an electric connection, so as to identify the holding bed.