An X-ray apparatus which aligns an X-ray radiator with an X-ray detector, an X-ray apparatus which aligns an X-ray radiator with an X-ray detector while maintaining a Source to Image-receptor Distance (SID) and a Source to Object Distance (SOD) therebetween, and methods of operating the X-ray apparatuses are provided.

Embodiments of methods and apparatus are disclosed for obtaining a phase-contrast digital imaging system and methods for same that can include an x-ray source for radiographic imaging; a beam shaping assembly, an x-ray grating interferometer including a phase grating and an analyzer grating; and an x-ray detector; where the source grating, the phase grating, and the analyzer grating are detuned and a plurality of uncorrelated reference images are obtained for use in imaging processing with the detuned system.

The present disclosure provides a sampling method and sampling apparatus of a scanning device. In at least one example, the sampling method comprises acquiring a ray attenuation variation at each of a plurality of scanning angles of the scanning device, determining a corrected sampling interval at each of the scanning angles of the scanning device by adjusting an initial sampling interval at each of the scanning angles of the scanning device according to the ray attenuation variation at each of scanning angles, and performing actual sampling according to the corrected sampling interval at each of the scanning angles of the scanning device.

A charged particle beam apparatus includes a charged particle beam optical system that irradiates a sample on a sample stage with a charged particle beam; a detector that detects a signal generated from the sample; a charged particle beam imaging device that acquires an observation image from the signal; an optical imaging device that captures an optical image of the sample; a stage that rotatably holds the sample stage; a stage control device that controls movement and rotation of the stage; and an image composition unit that combines a plurality of optical images. The stage is moved so that the center of an imaging range of the optical imaging device is located at a position different from the rotation center of the stage, and then rotated. A plurality of optical images relating to different positions of the sample by rotation operation are acquired and combined to generate the composite image.

An apparatus and method for generating a high-resolution radiographic image of an object by capturing a first radiographic image of the object using an x-ray source and a digital radiographic detector, then displacing at least one of the x-ray source and the detector. A second radiographic image of the object is captured, using the displaced x-ray source or digital radiographic detector, and the two captured images of the object are combined.

A system for generating X-rays includes an electron source that generates an electron beam, a support layer with multiple holes and a target layer on the support layer and having target regions respectively over the holes. The electron source can direct the electron beam at the target regions one at a time to generate X-rays from the target regions, while the electron beam goes through the support layer via the holes without hitting any portion of the support layer. Another system for generating X-rays includes an electron source that generates an electron beam; a support layer with multiple support regions; a target layer on the support layer and having target regions respectively over the support regions; and an X-ray detector. The X-ray detector can capture an image of an object using the target X-rays but not using the support X-rays.

The present disclosure relates to a procedure for generating fluoroscopic images for the reconstruction of a volume in a flat object using an X-ray system, which has three imaging components, namely a tube, a detector and a manipulator, located between them, on which the object is fixed. The object extends multiple times further in two dimensions than in its third dimension. The tube has a focus, which, in a central position of the tube, forms the coordinate origin of a Cartesian coordinate system, and which emits an X-ray. The vector from the tube through the volume forms the x axis of the coordinate system and the z axis is perpendicular to a vector formed through the thickness. The manipulator is rotated about a rotational axis, which is perpendicular to the x axis, runs parallel to the z axis and is displaceable parallel to the x axis.