The invention relates to a highly aligned and closely packed electrospun fiber assembly, wherein the fibers have at least an extension part or pore on the surface thereof. The invention also relates to a microtube array membrane (MTAM), comprising fiber assembly of the present disclosure. The invention also relates to the applications of these electrospun fiber assemblies in biological applications, and method of manufacturing these electrospun fiber assemblies.

A golf ball comprising layers that have from 0.05% to 70% by weight of a radio-opaque filler, and wherein the concentration of the radio-opaque filler is measurably different in each layer is disclosed herein. The radio-opaque filler is preferably a compound based on barium, bismuth, tungsten, iodine, or reduced iron.

There is provided a molded article containing an amorphous resin, wherein a peak position change rate r (%) of the molded article defined by Equation: Peak position change rate r (%)=100×(Q1−Q2)/Q2 is 1 or more. In the equation, Q1 and Q2 are peak positions (nm.sup.−1) of the molded article and a predetermined reference molded article, respectively, the peak position being determined by a wide angle X-ray diffraction method. The peak position is a peak derived from the amorphous resin in a scattering vector magnitude Q-intensity profile calculated from a diffraction image obtained by a transmission method and measured by the wide angle X-ray diffraction method and obtained after background correction and transmittance correction, and the peak position is a value of Q at a peak at which Q is the smallest among peaks at which Q is in a range of 5 nm.sup.−1 to 25 nm.sup.−1.

A golf ball comprising layers that have from 0.05% to 70% by weight of a radio-opaque filler, and wherein the concentration of the radio-opaque filler is measurably different in each layer is disclosed herein. The radio-opaque filler is preferably a compound based on barium, bismuth, tungsten, iodine, or reduced iron.

There is provided a technique capable of evaluating an anisotropy of an object with a large field of view, in a non-destructive manner and with high angular resolution. An object 1 is irradiated with X-rays from a radiation source 22 of a phase-contrast X-ray optical system 2. A change characteristic in X-ray scattering intensities for individual relative angles each formed between an incident angle of the X-rays and an anisotropic structure in the object 1 are then acquired. Evaluation data for evaluating a state of the anisotropic structure in the object 1 is then generated based on the change characteristic in the X-ray scattering intensities.

Systems and methods for rapid measurement of the chemical and structural properties of plastic articles are provided. The systems and methods involve measuring both mechanical deformation of the plastic article and x-ray fluorescence of the plastic article in order to determine changes in composition as a result of contamination and/or issues associated with plastic article manufacturing lines. The systems and methods can be performed in minutes, compared to hours or days for typical testing methods.

A structure analysis method includes impregnating a resin material with a radiosensitizer. The resin material contains thermoplastic resin. The radiosensitizer contains a solvent and a radiosensitizing molecule that contains, as a heavy element, an element with an atomic number equal to or greater than that of fluorine. A relative energy difference (RED.sub.1) represented by R.sub.a1/R.sub.01 is 1.8 or less in a case where R.sub.01 is the interaction radius of the thermoplastic resin in a Hansen space and R.sub.a1 is a distance between the Hansen solubility parameters of the thermoplastic resin and the solvent.

A method for evaluation of a resin alloy includes identifying and quantifying individual materials contained in the resin alloy. In addition, the method can identify encapsulation and whether or not a single phase is formed, without an additional equipment, allowing easier analysis and evaluation of various alloy materials through evaluation of physical properties of resin alloys.

The present invention relates to relates to a method of optimizing a plastic composition formed from a plurality of resin feedstocks. A plurality of resin feedstocks are provided. The plurality of resin feedstocks are blended to form the plastic composition. One or more properties of the plastic composition, including radiation absorption, radiation transmission, gas evolution, radiation fluorescence, or melting properties, are measured. The ratio of the plurality of resin feedstocks being blended into the plastic composition is adjusted, based on said measuring, to form an optimized plastic composition. A system for performing the method is also disclosed.

A method of inspecting a foreign body in a film includes a first detecting process that detects a foreign body on a film with an optical imaging unit and obtaining foreign body information including at least positional plane coordinates information A on the film; a process of winding up the film on a core as the film roll after the first detecting process; a converting process of converting a position of the foreign body on the positional plane coordinates information A into positional information on positional space coordinates information B in the wound film roll; and a second detecting process of using a radiation imaging unit to the film roll, focusing the radiation imaging unit to adjust imaging focus on a targeted foreign body based on the positional space coordinates information B for the foreign body, and emitting radiation to detect and characterize the targeted foreign body.