An air bubble sensor has a holder at which at least one ultrasonic sensor is arranged to detect air bubbles and/or gas bubbles in a flowing liquid, wherein a flow passage which has connection pieces is integrated into the holder.

An apparatus for determining a type of a recording medium is provided. A detection unit detects a characteristic value indicating a physical characteristic of a recording medium. A measurement unit measures a moisture content correlated with a moisture content of the recording medium. A determination unit determines the type of the recording medium based on the moisture content and the characteristic value. The determination unit may correct the characteristic value using the moisture content or correct a rule for determining the type of the recording medium using the moisture content unit, and determines the type of the recording medium in accordance with the corrected characteristic value or the corrected rule.

Systems and methods for testing a component, such as a battery, of a host device include transmitting one or more input acoustic signals into at least a portion of the host device, through input transducers coupled to the host device. One or more response signals generated in response to the one or more input acoustic signals are detected through recording transducers coupled to the host device. The one or more response signals are stored and compared with reference signals or datasets. One or more physical characteristics of the component or battery are analyzed based on the comparison.

A method for measuring a fracture permeability and a matrix permeability of a naturally fractured cylindrical rock sample, includes sealing both flat ends of the cylindrical sample; immersing the naturally fractured cylindrical rock sample in a fluid, and attaching an axial and a radial strain sensor to the curved surface of the sample. Furthermore, the method includes attaching a signal generator to one flat end of sample, and a signal receiver to the other flat end of the sample, and generating a harmonic excitation using the signal generator at a plurality of frequencies and recording the excitation at each of the plurality of frequencies. The method includes calculating an elastic wave propagation attribute at each of the plurality of frequencies, and inverting the elastic wave propagation attribute at each of the plurality of frequencies to determine the fracture permeability and the matrix permeability of the naturally fractured cylindrical rock sample.

A bubble detection sensor includes an emitter having an emitting surface and a receiver positioned on a side of a fluid conduit opposite the emitter. The receiver has a receiving surface adapted to receive a signal emitted by the emitter through a fluid of the fluid conduit. A sensor axis extending normal to the emitting surface and the receiving surface is disposed at a rotation offset angle with respect to a plane extending normal to a longitudinal conduit axis of the fluid conduit. The rotation offset angle is set to optimize a ratio of a sensitivity of the signal received by the receiver to an efficiency of the signal received by the receiver.

The present disclosure relates to devices and methods for determining the density of insulation. For example, one aspect of the disclosure is a device that includes a first unit that includes a sound generator and a second unit that includes a sound sensor and a probe. The probe is configured to be inserted into insulation such that the sound sensor is outside of the insulation and is configured to detect sound that is generated by the sound generator outside of the insulation and transmitted through the insulation and the probe to the sound sensor. The device also includes a control system configured to cause the sound generator to generate the sound and to use the sound detected by the sound sensor to generate output that represents the density of the insulation.

Systems and methods for monitoring the condition of ultrasonic transducers and ultrasonic probes used in non-destructive testing are provided. In one aspect, a degree of deterioration and end of life of an ultrasonic transducer can be estimated based upon measured environmental and/or operating parameters of the ultrasonic transducer. In another aspect, testing parameters acquired by a single ultrasonic probe or different ultrasonic probes can be measured and analyzed to identify deterioration of an ultrasonic probe.

A device includes a sensor including an emission unit which emits ultrasonic waves and a reception unit which receives the ultrasonic waves, the emission unit and the reception unit being arranged opposite each other across a conveyance path through which a recording material is conveyed, an instruction unit which supplies, to the emission unit, a first drive input or a second drive input larger than the first drive input, and a detection unit which detects information about a grammage of the recording material based on a first value obtained by the reception unit receiving ultrasonic waves emitted from the emission unit with the first drive input supplied thereto and coming not through the recording material and a second value obtained by the reception unit receiving ultrasonic waves emitted from the emission unit with the second drive input supplied thereto and coming through the recording material.

A system for detecting the presence of bubbles in a solution includes an ultrasonic receiver, receiving a pair of signals having different frequencies after passage through the solution, and a computing unit. The computing unit computes a signal value for each of the signals, the signal value representing a defined signal property, compares the signal values for the signals with each other and/or each with a predefined reference value, and computes a deviation of the signal values from each other and/or between the signal values and the predefined reference value. The computing unit generates a bubble confirmation signal that confirms the presence of bubbles in the solution if the deviation is greater than a predefined threshold value.

Systems and methods are provided for inspecting aircraft fuselages. Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) stations inspect sections of a fuselage via pulsed-line assembly techniques. After each pulse, a section of fuselage is moved by less than its length, and one or more NDI stations disposed at different portions of the section to inspect the section of fuselage for out-of-tolerance conditions. A method for inspecting a structure for inconsistencies which includes advancing a structure along a track in a process direction through a Non-Destructive Inspection (NDI) station, indexing the structure to the NDI station and inspecting the structure with the NDI station.