According to one embodiment, an inspection device includes a transmitter configured to transmit a first ultrasonic wave, a receiver on which the first ultrasonic wave is incident, and a receiving-side waveguide located between the receiver and an inspection position. The receiver is configured to output a signal corresponding to the incident first ultrasonic wave. The inspection position is between the transmitter and the receiver. The first ultrasonic wave passes through the receiving-side waveguide. An inspection object passes through the inspection position along a second direction crossing a first direction. The first direction is from the transmitter toward the receiver. The receiving-side waveguide includes at least one of a first structure or a second structure. In the first structure, the receiving-side waveguide includes a tubular member and an inner member. The inner member is located inside the tubular member. In the second structure, the receiving-side waveguide includes a tubular member.

An ultrasonic sensing technique and a signal interpretation method based on a spectral element multiphase poromechanical approach overcomes critical gaps in permafrost, frozen soil, and saturated soil characterization. Ultrasonic sensing produces high-quality response signals that are sensitive to the soil properties. A transfer function denoting a ratio of induced displacement and applied force in the frequency domain, is independent of the distribution of the stress force applied by the transducer to the sample, and allows interpretation of the measured electrical signal using a theoretical transfer function relation to efficiently determine the most probable properties from response signals using an inverse spectral element multiphase poromechanical approach. This ultrasonic sensing technique enables rapid characterization of soil samples in terms of both physical and mechanical properties. The Quantitative Ultrasound (QUS) system can be used in a laboratory setup or brought on site for in-situ investigation of permafrost, frozen, and saturated soil samples.

In the system, two ultrasonic transducers, which form a pair and each have a piezoelectric ceramic plate-shaped element with a rectangular geometry, can be fastened to a surface of a component. The two ultrasonic transducers are arranged at a distance from one another such that there is no direct mechanical contact and they are arranged beside one another with a parallel orientation of their central longitudinal axes. The two elements have a different polarization along their width and are connected with the same polarity to an electrical voltage source. The two plate-shaped elements can also have an identical polarization along their width and can be connected in this case with opposite polarity to an electrical voltage source. At least one ultrasonic transducer and/or at least one further ultrasonic transducer is/are designed to detect ultrasonic waves reflected by defects and/or shear waves simultaneously emitted by the two ultrasonic transducers.

An ultrasonic inspection device for inspection of a structure. The device includes a body with a first side and a second side that are on opposing sides of a gap. The gap is sized to receive the structure. A probe is attached to the first side and transmits ultrasonic signals at the structure. A reflector plate is attached to the second side and is fixed relative to the probe and reflects the signals that pass through the structure. The probe is configured to detect the signals that reflect off the structure and to detect the signals that pass through the structure and reflect off the reflector plate. The received signals provide for pulse echo and through transmission inspection of the structure.

According to one embodiment, an inspection device includes a transmitter, a receiver, and a supporter. The transmitter is configured to transmit a first ultrasonic wave including burst waves having a first period Tp. The receiver on which the first ultrasonic wave is incident is configured to output a signal corresponding to the incident first ultrasonic wave. The supporter is provided between the transmitter and the receiver. The supporter is configured to support an inspection object. The first period Tp (s), a distance Dx (m), and a velocity vx (m/s) satisfy 2Dx/((n+1).Math.vx)<Tp<2Dx/(n.Math.vx). n is 1 or 2. The distance Dx is a shorter distance of first and second distances. The first distance is a distance along a first direction between the transmitter and the supporter. The second distance is a distance along the first direction between the supporter and the receiver.

A method of measuring the speed of a fluid includes: a measurement stage comprising the steps of emitting a measurement ultrasonic signal, of acquiring a main ultrasonic signal resulting from the measurement ultrasonic signal, and of analyzing the main ultrasonic signal in order to produce a present measurement of the travel time; a validation stage for validating the present measurement, the validation stage comprising the steps of acquiring a secondary ultrasonic signal also resulting from the measurement ultrasonic signal but delayed because of the presence of gas bubbles in the fluid, of evaluating one or more first parameters in the secondary ultrasonic signal that are representative of the quantity of gas bubbles in the fluid, and of validating or invalidating the present measurement as a function of the first parameter(s).

A respiratory assistance apparatus has a gases inlet configured to receive a supply of gases, a blower unit configured to generate a pressurised gases stream from the supply of gases; a humidification unit configured to heat and humidify the pressurised gases stream; and a gases outlet for the heated and humidified gases stream. A flow path for the gases stream extends through the respiratory device from the gases inlet through the blower unit and humidification unit to the gases outlet. A sensor assembly is provided in the flow path before the humidification unit. The sensor assembly has an ultrasound gas composition sensor system for sensing one or more gas concentrations within the gases stream.

The invention provides a method for quantitative analysis of cavity zone of the top of the concrete-filled steel tube, comprising the following steps: By substitution of the determined inner radius of the steel tube, the thickness of the tube wall and the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the steel tube, the propagation speed of the ultrasonic wave in the concrete, and the starting time of the first wave when the ultrasonic wave propagating between the top and the bottom of the concrete-filled steel tube into the calculation model of the cavity height of the top of the concrete-filled steel tube, to obtain the cavity height of the top of the concrete-filled steel tube; the calculation model of the cavity height is:

[00001]$t=\left(\frac{x_1+\sqrt{d^2+2x_2\left(d+r\right)}}{v_s}+\frac{\sqrt{4r^2+d^2+4\mathrm{rd}-2rh-2\mathrm{hd}}-\sqrt{d^2+2x_2\left(d+r\right)}}{v_c}\right);$

wherein, x.sub.1 and x.sub.2 are both calculation variables, and their values are:

[00002]$ x 1 = d 2 + 2 ⁢ h ⁢ d + 2 ⁢ r ⁢ h h + d .Math. arcsin ⁡ ( h + d d 2< Ultrasonic device 11180333 · 2021-11-23 · Seiko Epson Corporation · Masayoshi Yamada, Hikaru IWAI, Kanechika Kiyose An ultrasonic device includes an ultrasonic element that performs at least one of transmitting an ultrasonic wave along a first axis and receiving the ultrasonic wave input along the first axis, and a protective member that is provided on the first axis and covers the ultrasonic element, in which the protective member has a plurality of pores through which the ultrasonic wave traveling along the first axis passes. Sensor Apparatus for Lithographic Measurements 20210239654 · 2021-08-05 · Asml Netherlands B.V. · Alessandro Polo A sensor apparatus comprising an acoustic assembly arranged to transmit an acoustic signal to a substrate and receive at least part of the acoustic signal after the acoustic signal has interacted with the substrate, a transducer arranged to convert the at least part of the acoustic signal to an electronic signal, and, a processor configured to receive the electronic signal and determine both a topography of at least part of the substrate and a position of a target of the substrate based on the electronic signal. The sensor apparatus may for part of a lithographic apparatus or a metrology apparatus. $