A microorganism identification method utilizing mass spectrometry is provided. More specifically, a method for identifying a phylotype of Cutibacterium acnes utilizing mass spectrometry is provided. The method includes a) a step for reading out a m/z value of a peak derived from a marker protein on a mass spectrum which is obtained by mass spectrometry of a sample containing microorganisms; and b) a step for judging whether the sample contains Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) based on the m/z value.

Embodiments described herein include detecting an analyte in a low pH sample. Some embodiments include detection of multiple analytes in a sample utilizing a plurality of analyte binders and a control zone containing multiple control zone capture agents. In some embodiments, the multiple control zone capture agents capture a plurality of binders within one control zone.

The invention concerns novel streptavidin muteins. In one embodiment such a the mutein (a) contains at least two cysteine residues in the region of the amino acid positions 44 to 53 with reference to the amino acid sequence of wild type streptavidin as set forth at SEQ ID NO: 212 and (b) has a higher binding affinity than (i) a streptavidin mutein “1” (SEQ ID NO: 112) that comprises the amino acid sequence Val.sup.44-Thr.sup.45-Ala.sup.46-Arg.sup.47 (SEQ ID NO: 98), or (ii) wild type-streptavidin of which amino acid residues 14 to 139 are shown as SEQ ID NO: 212 for peptide ligands comprising the amino acid sequence Trp-Ser-His-Pro-Gln-Phe-Glu-Lys (SEQ ID NO: 100).

The invention comprises systems, methods and arrays for identification and optimization of novel peptide binders to protein targets. Embodiments include steps of peptide binder discovery, core peptide maturation, N-terminal and C-terminal extension and kinetics analysis of the final peptide binder.

The invention relates to a new method of determining in a sample the presence or absence of one or more analyte members of a group of two or more analytes. The invention therefore relates to a multiplex assay for determining the presence or absence of each analyte in a group of multiple analytes. The assay uses aptamers and transmembrane pores.

The invention concerns novel streptavidin muteins. In one embodiment such a mutein (a) contains two or more mutations in the region of the amino acid positions 117 to 121 with reference to the amino acid sequence of wild type streptavidin of which amino acid residues 14 to 139 are as set forth at SEQ ID NO:212 and (b) has a higher binding affinity than each of (i) a streptavidin mutein 1 (SEQ ID NO: 16) that comprises the amino acid sequence Val44-Thr45-Ala46-Arg47 (SEQ ID NO: 98), or (ii) wild type-streptavidin of which amino acid residues 14 to 139 are shown as SEQ ID NO: 212 for peptide ligands comprising the amino acid sequence Trp-Ser-His-Pro-Gln-Phe-Glu-Lys (SEQ ID NO: 100).

A microorganism identification method utilizing mass spectrometry is provided. More specifically, a method for identifying a phylotype of Cutibacterium acnes utilizing mass spectrometry is provided. The method includes a) a step for reading out a m/z value of a peak derived from a marker protein on a mass spectrum which is obtained by mass spectrometry of a sample containing microorganisms; and b) a step for judging whether the sample contains Cutibacterium acnes (C. acnes) based on the m/z value.

The invention relates to a new method of determining in a sample the presence or absence of one or more analyte members of a group of two or more analytes. The invention therefore relates to a multiplex assay for determining the presence or absence of each analyte in a group of multiple analytes. The assay uses aptamers and transmembrane pores.

The present disclosure provides, inter alia, methods and compositions (e.g., conjugates) for imaging, at high spatial resolution, targets of interest.

Methods and compositions related to pharmaceutical agents, pharmaceutical compositions, and solid dosage forms comprising animal hemoglobin and bacteria or agents of bacterial origin are provided herein.