A four-biomarker panel for diagnosis of chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD) and methods of prognosing and/or diagnosing cGVHD using the biomarker panel are disclosed.

Methods of detecting, preventing, treating, controlling or managing progressive neurodegenerative diseases are provided. These methods comprise the administration of antibodies that reduce or eliminate monocytes that abnormally express Astrotactin (ASTN1), or block blood monocytes that abnormally express ASTN1 from migrating to the central nervous system. Also provided are pharmaceutical compositions that comprise antibodies that specifically target the extracellular domain (ECD2) of ASTN1 for the prevention, treatment, control or management of progressive neurodegenerative diseases.

This invention relates to methods for predicting a prognosis of a patient with cancer in need of an anti-cancer treatment comprising measuring a cytokine score from a sample obtained from the patient. In some embodiments, the subject is administered an anti-cancer treatment, e.g., an anti-PD-1 antibody, following the cytokine score measurement. In some embodiments, the cancer is lung cancer.

The present invention relates to a method for predicting the prognosis of ischemic disease using an AGE-RAGE-based biomarker. The biomarker can be used as an indicator factor of the clinical severity of ischemic disease, can maximize the efficiency of stem-cell treatment by determination of the optimal timing of the stem-cell treatment on the basis of changes in the biomarker according to the severity of ischemic disease, and can also be used as a useful indicator factor for verifying efficacy after the stem-cell treatment.

The present disclosure provided methods for determining the severity of glaucoma using the expression levels of GDF15. Determining the severity of glaucoma aids in treatment decisions.

Methods for diagnosing and prognosing autoimmune diseases and T cell lymphomas are provided, for example by measuring levels of intracellular osteopontin (OPN-i). Also provided are screening methods for identifying activators and inhibitors of the transcription factor Bcl6, which is involved in T cell activation/differentiation. Other aspects of the disclosure provide methods for enhancing adoptive T cell transfer.

Provided herein are methods of predicting whether a pancreatic cancer patient will be a short-term or long-term survivor based on their intra-tumoral microbiota. Also provided are methods of treating pancreatic cancer patients using fecal microbial transfer from long-term pancreatic cancer survivors as well as pharmaceutical compositions comprising fecal microbiota obtained from long-term pancreatic cancer survivors.

Methods for assaying antigen-specific T-cell activation in vitro, comprising the steps of (a) providing a phagocytable particle, having a candidate antigen polypeptide tightly associated thereto, wherein the particle with the associated polypeptide has been subjected to a denaturing wash resulting in an endotoxin level low enough to not interfere with the subsequent steps; (b) providing a viable antigen-presenting cell; (c) contacting the washed particle with the antigen-presenting cell under conditions allowing phagocytosis of the particle by the antigen-presenting cell; (d) providing a T-cell sample to be assayed comprising viable T-cells; (e) contacting the T-cell sample with the antigen-presenting cell contacted with the particle under conditions allowing specific activation of T-cells in response to an antigen presented by an antigen-presenting cell; and (f) determining the degree of T-cell activation in the T-cell sample.

Disclosed are methods for predicting, inhibiting, and treating chronic kidney disease (CKD) in a subject that that is preparing to undergo a liver transplant. The methods may include detecting a protein biomarker in a serum sample from the subject prior to the subject being administered a liver transplant procedure and/or after the subject has been administered the liver transplant procedure. Suitable protein markers for the disclosed methods may include but are not limited to osteopontin (OPN) and/or tissue inhibitor of metalloproteases 1 (TIMP1).

The invention encompasses the discovery that Fc-containing polypeptides that include branched glycans and that are sialylated on the branched glycan (e.g., on an α 1,3 and/or α 1,6 arm in the Fc region's N-linked glycosylation site), with, e.g., a NeuA-α 2,6-Gal or NeuAc-α 2,3-Gal terminal linkage, are useful in treating neurodegeneration, e.g., in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's Disease. The present disclosure provides, in pert, methods for treating neurodegeneration or neurodegenerative diseases by administering compositions containing such Fc-containing polypeptides as well as methods for evaluating, identifying, and/or producing (e.g., manufacturing) such polypeptides for the treatment of neurodegeneration.