The present disclosure provides a method of determining treatment for cancer comprising identifying the absence of malic enzyme 1 (ME1) and treating with an inducer of ferroptosis.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple and highly accurate method for detecting pancreatic exocrine dysfunction with minimal invasiveness to a subject. The method comprising in vitro measurement of two APOA2 protein variants, mutants thereof and/or fragments thereof in a body fluid sample derived from the subject and detection of the presence or absence of pancreatic exocrine dysfunction on the basis of the measured amounts, and a detection kit for pancreatic exocrine dysfunction including antibodies that can specifically bind to said proteins are provided.

The device for determining fish gender includes a housing having a transparent window mounted in an upper wall of the housing. A photodetector is mounted over the transparent window. An ELISA plate is provided, including at least one positive well for containing at least one sample known to test positive for vitellogenin, at least one negative well for containing at least one sample known to test negative for vitellogenin, and at least one test well for containing at least one sample to be tested. The photodetector detects colors associated with each sample, and a determination of fish gender is made based on a comparison of the color of the at least one sample to be tested against the colors of the samples known to test positive and negative for vitellogenin, where the presence of vitellogenin indicates a female fish, and the absence of vitellogenin indicates a male fish.

A problem of the present invention is to provide a diagnostic biomarker of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) useful for differentiation of simple steatosis (SS) from NASH and use thereof. Specifically, the present invention relates to a diagnostic biomarker of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis used to differentiate nonalcoholic steatohepatitis from simple steatosis comprising the oxidized apolipoprotein A-I (ApoA-I) modified by dioxidation of the 72nd tryptophan in the ApoA-I consisting of the amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.

ELISA-type assays, lateral flow test strips, methods, and systems are provided for detecting APOL1 G0 in bodily samples including blood, serum, or plasma to provide a rapid rule-in test for the ApoL1 G0 genotype. The assays exploit the differential affinity of serum resistance-associated protein (SRA) for wild-type APOL1 (designated ‘G0’) over the other variants G1 and G2 to specifically detect APOL1 G0. Results with human plasma samples (N=130) from all six genotypes (G0/G0, G0/G1, G0/G2, G1/G2, G2/G2, G1/G1) show the assay can detect APOL1 G0 from plasma with 100% concordance with genotyping. The assay fulfills an unmet need for a rapid test (i.e., within about an hour) for determining APOL1 variant status in deceased kidney donors which represent 72% of donated kidneys.

A biomarker for determining Kawasaki disease is identified by lipidomic analysis and mass spectrometry. With the use of the biomarker, we develop and provide a kit and a method capable of directly and objectively determining whether the subject suspected of having Kawasaki disease suffers from Kawasaki disease. A kit for determining Kawasaki disease, the kit including LOX-1 protein and/or part thereof having LAB-binding ability, the protein or part thereof being immobilized on a surface of a base material, is provided.

[Problem] To provide a therapeutic method specialized for an inflammatory disease such as intractable vasculitis and an infectious disease, which is different from the previous therapeutic methods, in which a target molecule was not determined, by determining the target molecule useful for treating these diseases.

[Solution] According to one aspect of the present invention, a prophylactic and/or therapeutic agent for an infectious disease or an inflammatory disease which contains an antibody recognizing apolipoprotein A2 (APOA2) as an active ingredient is provided.

Methods and compositions for the manufacture and use of a detection apparatus based on one or more native biological nanopores are provided. Uses include, but are not limited to, detection and sequencing of nucleic acids.

The present invention relates a method for maximizing the coronavirus killing activity of high-density lipoproteins, and a pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating COVID-19. As identified by the present inventors, non-glycated normal high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) exhibit killing activity against coronavirus (SARS-Cov-2) that is superior to that of glycated HDLs, and thus a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating COVID-19, containing non-glycated native HDLs as an active ingredient, is provided. In addition, the present invention is useful since a method for maximizing the coronavirus killing activity by using an HDL glycation inhibitor, on the basis of the identification by the present inventors, can be provided and a method for screening for a pharmaceutical composition for preventing and treating COVID-19 by evaluating the degree of HDL glycosylation inhibition of candidate drugs can be provided.

The present invention relates generally to methods and materials pertaining to assays, for example immunoassays, for biomarkers in body fluids e.g. blood. The invention also relates to diagnostic or screening methods for infections, and methods of differentiating between infectious and non-infectious conditions in mammals, particularly equines, for monitoring response to anti-infective/antibiotic therapy. The invention further relates to a test fluid collection system adapted to permit dilution and analysis of the collected test fluid. The invention further relates to monitoring exertional rhabdomyolysis in equines, and assay devices for all these things.