The invention includes, in part, methods and compounds for treating diseases and conditions characterized by elevated threonyl-tRNA synthetase (TARS) activity, which include, but are not limited to diseases and conditions in which angiogenesis is elevated as compared to normal. In some embodiments of the invention, a level of a TARS molecule is determined and compared to a control level of TARS to assess a treatment for a disease or condition characterized by elevated TARS activity.

The present invention relates to methods of immune modulation. In particular, the present invention relates to regulation of inflammation and immune responses by modulation of ABCF1. Modulation of ABCF1 may be useful in the treatment of sepsis, autoimmune diseases, cancer or infections.

Provided herein are methods of identifying a location of an RNA in a sample that include: (a) contacting the sample with an array comprising capture probes, where a capture probe comprises a capture domain and a spatial barcode; (b) releasing the RNA from the sample; (c) extending a 3′ end of the capture probe using the capture domain-bound RNA as a template; (d) generating nick(s) in the extended capture probe-hybridized RNA and performing random-primed DNA synthesis; (e) performing end repair on the second strand DNA molecule; (f) adding a single adenosine nucleotide to the 3′ end of the extended capture probe; (g) ligating a double-stranded sequencing adaptor to the double-stranded DNA product; and (h) determining all or a part of the sequence of the RNA, and the sequence of the spatial barcode, or complements thereof, and using the determined sequences to identify the location of the RNA in the sample.

Provided herein are methods of identifying a location of an RNA in a sample that include: (a) contacting the sample with an array comprising capture probes, where a capture probe comprises a capture domain and a spatial barcode; (b) releasing the RNA from the sample; (c) extending a 3′ end of the capture probe using the capture domain-bound RNA as a template; (d) generating nick(s) in the extended capture probe-hybridized RNA and performing random-primed DNA synthesis; (e) performing end repair on the second strand DNA molecule; (f) adding a single adenosine nucleotide to the 3′ end of the extended capture probe; (g) ligating a double-stranded sequencing adaptor to the double-stranded DNA product; and (h) determining all or a part of the sequence of the RNA, and the sequence of the spatial barcode, or complements thereof, and using the determined sequences to identify the location of the RNA in the sample.

The present invention relates to a composition comprising the UNE-L domain of leucyl-tRNA synthetase as an effective ingredient for increasing muscle. More particularly, the UNE-L domain of LRS according to the present invention, which is a region that controls activity of Vps34, activates mTORC1 involved in protein synthesis and increases myocyte differentiation and muscle fiber regeneration, thus finding useful application in muscle augmentation.

The present invention relates to a therapeutic agent for immune cell migration-caused disease and a method for screening the same and, more particularly, to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a KRS inhibitor (or expression or activity inhibitor) as an effective ingredient for preventing or treating an immune cell migration-related disease, a method for controlling the migration of immune cells by regulating a level of KRS in immune cells, a cell membrane site-specific moiety level of KRS or the migration of KRS to the cell membrane, and a method for screening a therapeutic agent for immune cell migration-caused disease, using KRS. According to the present invention, the migration of immune cells can be controlled by means of KRS, which can find very useful applications in the prevention, alleviation, and treatment of immune cell migration-related disease.

The present invention relates to an antibody specifically binding to a WRS (tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase) protein, and a use thereof. More specifically, the present invention pertains to an antibody specifically binding to a polypeptide of an amino acid sequence represented by SEQ ID NO:2 in the WRS (tryptophanyl-tRNA synthetase) protein, or a fragment of the antibody, a polynucleotide encoding the antibody, a vector comprising the polynucleotide, a cell transformed using the vector, and a use of the cell.

The present invention relates to a method of identifying an intracellular secretory protein or tissue-specific secretory protein, by using a proximity labeling system. When the method according to the present invention is used, it is possible to clearly identify an intracellular secretory protein and to dynamically track the spatiotemporal dynamics of a secretory protein secreted from a specific tissue in a living subject such that it can be effectively utilized for the research on endocrine signals between tissues, and particularly, since it can be applied in situ, the scope of application can be further expanded. Therefore, the present invention can be applied to various disease models or tissues to discover new biomarkers and therapeutic target proteins associated with diseases.

Isolated histidyl-tRNA synthetase splice variant polynucleotides and polypeptides having non-canonical biological activities are provided, as well as compositions and methods related thereto.

The description relates to imide-based compounds, including bifunctional compounds comprising the same, which find utility as modulators of targeted ubiquitination, especially inhibitors of a variety of polypeptides and other proteins which are degraded and/or otherwise inhibited by bifunctional compounds according to the present invention. In particular, the description provides compounds, which contain on one end a ligand which binds to the cereblon E3 ubiquitin ligase and on the other end a moiety which binds a target protein such that the target protein is placed in proximity to the ubiquitin ligase to effect degradation (and inhibition) of that protein. Compounds can be synthesized that exhibit a broad range of pharmacological activities consistent with the degradation/inhibition of targeted polypeptides of nearly any type.