The present disclosure relates generally to compositions and methods for diagnosing or predicting autism spectrum disorder (ASD). The methods are based on the discovery that certain genes, such as SOD2, OXT, GPER, and ERRα, have different expression levels in CD34+ cells or MNCs in ASD patients as compared to individuals not having ASD. Once the ASD patient is identified or predicted, compositions and methods are also provided for preventing or treating the ASD.

Disclosed are compositions and methods for inactivating one or more enzymes in a biological sample.

Provided herein are methods of screening a therapy for induction of ferroptosis, the method comprising: exposing a cell line to a potential therapy; measuring induction of Heme Oxygenase 1 (HMOX1) resulting from the exposing the cell line to the potential therapy; and identifying the potential therapy as passing or failing the screening of the therapy for induction of ferroptosis based on the measuring the induction of HMOX1.

To the Abstract:

Disclosed in the present invention are a stabilizer for a color developing agent and application thereof, an application of a composition in preparation of the stabilizer, and a kit. A stabilizer for a color developing agent is provided in the present invention. The stabilizer includes a reducing substance and a weakly acidic buffer, and the weakly acidic buffer has a pH of 3.8-6.2. The reducing substance includes one or more of sodium sulfite, sodium bisulfite, sodium thiosulfate, or 1-mercaptoglycerol. The color developing agent includes one or two of a phenothiazine color developing agent or a triphenylmethane color developing agent. The color developing agent can be stably preserved by using the stabilizer. A method for stably preserving a color developing agent includes dissolving the color developing agent in the stabilizer.

Provided herein are methods of functionally linking two or more genetic loci of a genome of a cell sample, the method comprising: exposing the cell sample to a plurality of different stimuli in parallel for a period of time sufficient to elicit a transcriptional response from the cell sample directly or indirectly; performing a transcriptional run-on assay on the cell sample to yield labeled nascent RNA transcripts; isolating the labeled nascent RNA transcripts; preparing a nascent RNA library from the labeled nascent RNA transcripts; sequencing the nascent RNA library to produce sequencing reads and mapping the sequencing reads to a reference genome, wherein the sequencing reads that are mapped represent genomic locations in the cell sample where active transcription was occurring at the end of the period of time; and identifying active enhancers and correlating activity of the active enhancers with the active transcription of the cell samples.

The present invention relates to a method for the preparation of a working electrode, the method comprising application of a sensing material in several steps. Further, the present invention relates to an analyte sensor comprising the working electrode as well as to the use of the analyte sensor for detecting at least one analyte in a sample.

A method for detecting whether glucose metabolism is abnormal comprises: detecting GPx2 gene expression, GPx2 protein expression or the activity of GPx2 protein in a test body, and making comparisons with GPx2 expression amount of a normal individual, when the GPx2 expression of the individual is significantly lower than that of the normal individual, indicating that the carbohydrate metabolism of the individual is in an abnormal state. Applications of GPx2 in the preparation of a medical composition for the treatment and prevention of type II diabetes.

Provided herein are methods of detecting or determining aging and/or oxidative damage in tissue, including placental tissue, skin, kidney and brain tissue. One embodiment provides a method for detecting or determining aging in body tissue, comprising measuring one or more markers of aldehyde oxidase 1 (AOX1) expression or activity in a biological sample, wherein the level of AOX1 expression or activity, or of the one or more markers, is indicative of aging in the tissue. Also provided herein are methods of treating a disease or condition associated with ageing or oxidative damage in one or more cells or tissues, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof an inhibitor of AOX1.

The invention disclosed herein includes amperometric glucose sensors having electrodes formed from processes that electrodeposit platinum black in a manner that produces relatively smooth three dimensional metal architectures, ones that contribute to sensor reliability and stability. Embodiments of the invention provide analyte sensors having such uniform electrode architectures as well as methods for making and using these sensor electrodes. A number of working embodiments of the invention are shown to be useful in amperometric glucose sensors worn by diabetic individuals.

The present invention, in some aspects, relates to systems and methods for determining oxidized proteins, including glutathionylated proteins such as S-glutathionylated proteins. The systems and methods of the invention can be used in vitro (e.g., in cell or tissue culture) or in vivo, for example, to diagnose a person having an oxidative stress condition. For instance, in some cases, the invention can be used to spatially determine the location and/or concentration of oxidized proteins within cells and/or tissues (e.g., through visual detection). In one set of embodiments, a glutathionylated or otherwise oxidized moiety on a protein may be reacted with a detection entity, which may be, for example, fluorescent, radioactive, electron-dense, able to bind to a signaling entity or a binding partner in order to produce a signal, etc. As a specific example, a glutathionylated moiety on a glutathionylated protein may be reacted with an alkylating agent to form an alkylthio moiety; the alkylthio moiety may include a detection entity or otherwise be able to interact with a signaling entity. In some embodiments, other moieties on the protein may be altered or blocked before reaction of the protein with the detection entity. Such moieties on the protein may be, for instance, non-oxidized or non-glutathionylated moieties able to react with the detection entity. As a particular example, in a protein containing a glutathionylated moiety and non-glutathionylated thiol moieties, the thiol moieties may first be altered or blocked prior to reaction of the protein with the detection entity. Also provided in certain aspects of the present invention are kits for determining oxidized proteins, which may include components such as detection entities, alkylating agents, blocking agents, reducing agents, signaling entities, binding partners, antibodies, instructions, and the like.