A Pdia4 inhibitor for use in preventing, alleviating and/or treating diabetes and/or diabetes-related complications in a subject in need thereof is disclosed, wherein the Pdia4 inhibitor does not comprise cytopiloyene. A Pdia4 inhibitor and one other anti-diabetic agent for use in combination therapy in preventing, alleviating, treating diabetes and diabetes-related complications, and/or reversing diabetes in a subject in need thereof is also disclosed, wherein the Pdia4 inhibitors for use in combination therapy may comprise cytopiloyene. Also disclosed are methods for diagnosing, treating and monitoring diabetes, and methods of screening for a Pdia4 inhibitor and/or an anti-diabetic agent.

This document provides methods and materials for identifying biomarkers (e.g., peptide biomarkers) that can be used to identify a mammal as having a disease (e.g., cancer). This document also provides methods and materials for identifying and/or treating cancer. For example, this document provides methods and materials for using one or more peptide fragments derived from a peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase A (PPIA) polypeptide to identify a mammal as having cancer (e.g., ovarian cancer).

The purpose of the present invention is to develop a method for screening drugs having the effect of increasing skin barrier function in in vitro studies and to evaluate barrier function in the skin. Candidate drugs can be screened by using the activity and/or expression level of serine racemase as an indicator.

A sensor for the detection of an analyte in a biological sample includes a substrate, a working electrode and counter electrode formed on a surface of the substrate, and a receptor functionalized or chemically functionalized to a surface of an exposed portion of the working electrode. The receptor can selectively bind to the analyte of interest and the analyte once bound is detectable by measuring the current flow between the working electrode and counter electrode.

A method of detecting the presence or absence of alpha methylacyl A coenzyme racemase (AMACR) is provided. In one embodiment of the method, a fluid including a secretion chosen from at least one of a prostate secretion or a secretion from an accessory glad or a cellular component of the fluid is obtained from a subject. The fluid is contacted with a reagent for detecting AMACR under conditions such that the reagent detects AMACR in the semen. The level of AMACR is determined such as by comparing it to a standard curve. The fluid can be semen or a prostate secretion or another fluid. A kit that can be used with the method is also provided.

Devices and methods are provided for the detection of CSF in a biological sample. In certain embodiments the device is a lateral flow device comprising: a porous substrate; a sample addition zone disposed on or in said porous substrate; a detection zone disposed on or in said porous substrate where said detection zone comprises at least a first test line (T1) and a second test line (T2) each test line comprising binding moieties that bind a complex formed between beta-trace protein (TP) and an indicator attached to a TP binding molecule; wherein said porous substrate defines a flow path through which a sample applied to the sample addition zone flows under capillary action away from said sample addition zone into said detection zone; and wherein said first test line (T1) and said second test line (T2) are is configured so that either no test line signal or just a signal at the first test line (T1) is detectable when TP concentration in a sample applied to said device is lower than the TP level indicative of a CSF leak; and said second test line (T2) is configured so that a signal is detectable at said second test line when TP concentration in a sample applied to said device is greater than the TP level indicative of a CSF leak.

The subject invention concerns materials and methods for treating depression, stress disorders, such as PTSD, anxiety disorders, and/or a neurodegenerative disease or condition in a person or animal. In one embodiment, a person or animal in need of treatment is administered one or more compounds or drugs, or a composition comprising the one or more compounds or drugs, that inhibit FKBP51 activity or function. The subject invention also concerns a method for inhibiting activity of the FKBP51 protein in a cell. The subject invention also concerns methods of screening for compounds or drugs that inhibit the FKBP51 protein.

A lipocalin-type prostaglandin D2 synthase (L-PGDS) production promoting agent, more specifically an L-PGDS production promoting agent in pericytes or ischemia-induced multipotent stem cells (iSCs) dedifferentiated from pericytes. A substance having an L-PGDS production promoting action is contained in an extract from inflamed tissues inoculated with vaccinia virus. An L-PGDS production promoting agent is highly useful as a prophylactic, therapeutic or relapse prophylactic agent for a disease in which the effect by promotion of L-PGDS expression is expected to be effective, including a cerebrovascular disorder such as cerebral infarction, dementia such as Alzheimer's disease, or a sleep disorder.

Provided herein are methods and systems of molecular profiling of diseases, such as cancer. In some embodiments, the molecular profiling can be used to identify treatments for the disease, such as treatments that provide likely benefit or likely lack of benefit for the disease.

Labels that include dibromopyridazinedione attached to signal molecules are disclosed, along with methods of producing and using same. Also disclosed are conjugates of the label attached to an analyte-specific binder, as well as methods of producing and using same. Kits containing the labels and/or conjugates are also disclosed, along with microfluidics devices containing same.