Disclosed are B5 hybridoma and a B5 monoclonal antibody to Burkholderia mallei, Burkholderia pseudomallei, or Burkholderia thailandensis and methods of use. Also disclosed are isolated binding fragments, isolated antibody fragments, isolated monoclonal antibodies, isolated chimeric antibodies, and isolated humanized antibodies having the binding fragments of the B5 monoclonal antibody. Also disclosed are assays for detecting B. mallei, B. pseudomallei, or B. thailandensis in a sample, for detecting infection by B. mallei, B. pseudomallei, or B. thailandensis, and therapeutic methods for treating infections by B. mallei, B. pseudomallei, or B. thailandensis.

A process of using a fish plasma component in a nutrient medium for cell culture includes obtaining a fish that is a progeny of domesticated broodstock that are reared under consistent and reproducible conditions. Blood is obtained from the fish, and plasma is separated from the blood. One or more specific components of the plasma are then extracted, and cells are cultured in a nutrient medium using the one or more extracted plasma components, and none of any remainder of the plasma. The plasma and/or the plasma components is/are tested for presence and/or level of endotoxin. Extracting the one or more specific components of the plasma, and/or culturing the cells is only performed if the testing indicates an endotoxin level below a predetermined threshold. The cells cultured using the extracted one or more plasma components are other than fish cells.

The present invention is directed to an aptamer composition comprising at least one oligonucleotide consisting of: deoxyribonucleotides, ribonucleotides, derivatives of deoxyribonucleotides, derivatives of ribonucleotides, and mixtures thereof; wherein said aptamer composition has a binding affinity for one or more bacterial species from the genera Prevotella and Porphyromonas.

Provided is a technology related to a horseshoe crab factor B variant, and also provided is means for performing endotoxin measurement with high sensitivity. A polypeptide having an amino acid sequence in which the amino acid residue at the 193-position in an amino acid sequence of a polypeptide of horseshoe crab factor B is substituted with a cysteine (Cys) residue, is produced. Endotoxin measurement can be carried out with high sensitivity by configuring a Limulus reagent by combining this polypeptide with horseshoe crab factor C.

Provided herein are systems for and methods of capturing, detecting, quantifying, and characterizing target moieties that are characterized by having a lipophilic portion of sufficient size and chemical composition whereby the target moiety inserts (or partitions) into a lipid assembly. Examples of such assays employ synthetic lipid constructs such as supported bilayers which are used to capture target moieties; other example assays exploit the natural absorption of compounds into natural lipid constructs such as HDL or LDL particles or cell membranes to capture target moieties. In specific embodiments, the target moieties are bacterial pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) molecules or compounds not yet identified as PAMP molecules. Also provided are methods of determining PAMP molecule fingerprints and profiles that are linked to (indicative of) bacterial infection, disease states or progression, development of antibiotic resistance, and so forth, as well as these fingerprints, profiles and methods of using them.

Peptides are described herein, in particular peptides having antimicrobial properties, as are compositions, articles, and kits comprising such peptides, and methods for using the peptides.

The present invention is related to compositions comprising clarified limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL), wherein the LAL is substantially free of coagulogen and methods of making such compositions. The invention further relates to a method of detecting an endotoxin in a sample using a chromogenic assay, the method comprising: (a) contacting the sample with a reagent comprising clarified LAL and a chromogenic substrate; and (b) measuring a chromogenic effect resulting from a change in the chromogenic substrate in the presence of endotoxin in the sample, wherein the LAL is substantially free of coagulogen. The invention also relates to kits comprising clarified LAL substantially free of coagulogen, and methods of making such.

A tetrasaccharide of formula I and a method of production thereof are provided. Furthermore, a conjugate comprising the tetrasaccharide and a molecule attached to the tetrasaccharide, preferably via its amine group, is also provided. Compositions, preferably immunogenic or vaccine compositions, comprising this tetrasaccharide or this conjugate are also provided. Such tetrasaccharides, conjugates, and compositions can be used for preventing or treating a disease caused by a Burkholderia infection in a subject, for inducing the production of anti-Burkholderia antibodies in a subject, or for diagnosing a Burkholderia infection in a subject. Preferably, the Burkholderia infection is an infection by Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp) or Burkholderiamallei (Bm); the disease is melioidosis or glander; and/or the anti-Burkholderia antibodies are anti-Burkholderia pseudomallei(Bp) antibodies or anti-Burkholderia mallei (Bm)

The invention relates to a method for preparation of a sample (10) of a formulation (11) for subsequent endotoxin determination, the formulation (11) suspected of comprising an endotoxin, the formulation (11) preferentially being a pharmaceutical formulation. The method comprises the following steps: application of the sample (10) to an endotoxin-free centrifugation column (2) containing a size exclusion chromatography matrix (5) that has been equilibrated with a suitable equilibration buffer (6) and elution of a flow through (15) of the sample by centrifugation, which flow through (15) can then be used for endotoxin determination. The equilibration buffer (6) is selected according to a subsequently used method of endotoxin determination, the equilibration buffer (6) only containing components not interfering with subsequently used method of endotoxin determination. Furthermore, the invention relates to a kit (20) for preparation of a sample (10).

Exemplified methods and systems facilitate presentation of data derived from measurements of endotoxins in fluid samples. In particular, the exemplified methods and systems facilitate presentation of such measurements in a graphical user interface and/or in a report for endotoxin concentrations in a fluid sample. The presentation facilitates a unified and intuitive graphic visualization that are presented within a single interactive interface and/or report.