A method for determining a flow condition includes disposing a plurality of sensors on a surface and receiving a first sensor signal and a second sensor signal from the plurality of sensors. The method further includes determining at least one correlation parameter based on the first sensor signal and the second sensor signal. The method also includes receiving a plurality of stored parameters from a database, wherein each of the plurality of stored parameters is representative of a corresponding flow condition. The method also includes comparing the at least one correlation parameter with the plurality of stored parameters and selecting at least one matching stored parameter and determining a matching flow condition based on the at least one matching stored parameter.

An embodiment apparatus for correcting an indicated speed tolerance includes a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, a processor, a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to calculate an indicated speed by using a tolerance value for each vehicle speed section of a plurality of vehicle speed sections based on a wheel speed, and to correct an error between the indicated speed and a vehicle speed by using an actual speed of a vehicle based on GPS information received from the GPS receiver, and a display device configured to display the indicated speed.

An embodiment apparatus for correcting an indicated speed tolerance includes a global positioning system (GPS) receiver, a processor, a memory coupled to the processor and storing instructions that, when executed by the processor, cause the processor to calculate an indicated speed by using a tolerance value for each vehicle speed section of a plurality of vehicle speed sections based on a wheel speed, and to correct an error between the indicated speed and a vehicle speed by using an actual speed of a vehicle based on GPS information received from the GPS receiver, and a display device configured to display the indicated speed.

A method for calculating a scale factor for a gyroscope can include detecting, by a gyroscope, a physical motion of a robot, detecting, by an optical flow (OF) sensor (and/or camera), one or more image signals including information; and deriving estimates of sensor calibration parameters based on the detected physical motion and the information.