An apparatus including at least one deflecting element and at least one strain sensor is configured for determining relative velocity, fluid flow, or angle of attack between a fluid and a body having a fluid-contacting surface and an opposing non-fluid-contacting surface. The deflecting element is joined to the body and extends from the fluid-contacting surface into the fluid, while the strain sensor is coupled to the non-fluid-contacting surface and is configured to detect strain imparted on the body by deflection of the at least one deflecting element. An output signal of the at least one strain sensor permits calculation of at least one of relative velocity, fluid flow, or angle of attack between the fluid and the body. By measuring deflection of a surface of the body, the at least one strain sensor may be mounted on or along the non-fluid-contacting surface where the environment is controllable, such that the sensor is not subject to deleterious environmental effects.

A flow of air induces vibration of a tip of an airflow sensor. A cantilever coupled to the tip vibrates as the tip is displaced, and a piezoelectric element associated with the cantilever generates an electrical signal in response to mechanical stress or strain induced by vibration of the cantilever. A control element that is in communication with the piezoelectric element of the cantilever receives the electrical signal and derives at least one parameter indicative of the flow of air sensed by the sensor. The control element communicates or otherwise transmits an output signal that is indicative of the parameter to an output device to display sensor data to a user as desired.

A sea-floor tethered float instrument containing an accelerometer for measuring wave induced water velocity, ocean currents, relative swell kinetics and the like.

A sea-floor tethered float instrument containing an accelerometer for measuring wave induced water velocity, ocean currents, relative swell kinetics and the like.

A flow velocity sensor to detect a flow velocity of water in a water pipe includes a detector including a main body that is deformable by receiving pressure of a fluid, and a sensor to detect a deformation amount of the main body, in which the main body includes a deformation portion provided with the sensor and a pressure receiving portion to receive pressure of the fluid and deform the deformation portion, the detector includes a high sensitivity detector and a low sensitivity detector, and a ratio of a pressure receiving area of the pressure receiving portion of the high sensitivity detector to a rigidity of the deformation portion of the high sensitivity detector is larger than a ratio of a pressure receiving area of the pressure receiving portion of the low sensitivity detector to a rigidity of the deformation portion of the low sensitivity detector.

A flow velocity sensor to detect a flow velocity of water in a water pipe includes a detector including a main body that is deformable by receiving pressure of a fluid, and a sensor to detect a deformation amount of the main body, in which the main body includes a deformation portion provided with the sensor and a pressure receiving portion to receive pressure of the fluid and deform the deformation portion, the detector includes a high sensitivity detector and a low sensitivity detector, and a ratio of a pressure receiving area of the pressure receiving portion of the high sensitivity detector to a rigidity of the deformation portion of the high sensitivity detector is larger than a ratio of a pressure receiving area of the pressure receiving portion of the low sensitivity detector to a rigidity of the deformation portion of the low sensitivity detector.

A measuring device with a measuring tube is disclosed. The measuring device includes a sensor unit for capturing a parameter of a medium, a control and evaluation unit, and a deflectable measuring sensor with a cavity and a base unit. The sensor unit is at least partially integrated in the wall of the measuring tube. The measuring sensor is connected to the base unit via a spring element. The base unit is arranged outside of the measuring tube. A side of the measuring sensor is in contact with the medium during operation. The cavity is arranged on the side of the measuring sensor facing the medium. The measuring sensor is integrated into the measuring tube wall in such a way that it can be deflected at least in the plane of the measuring tube wall. The sensor unit has a means for capturing the deflection of the measuring sensor.

A device for measuring the flow rate of steel melt near the surface thereof. The device has a flow rate detecting rod and a deflection device for the flow rate detecting rod. The deflection device for the flow rate detecting rod has a flow rate detecting rod counterweight, a deflection bearing sleeve, a deflection bearing, a deflection angle indicating board, a deflection angle pointer and a flow rate detecting rod fastening bolt.

A device for measuring the flow rate of steel melt near the surface thereof. The device has a flow rate detecting rod and a deflection device for the flow rate detecting rod. The deflection device for the flow rate detecting rod has a flow rate detecting rod counterweight, a deflection bearing sleeve, a deflection bearing, a deflection angle indicating board, a deflection angle pointer and a flow rate detecting rod fastening bolt.

A device for continuously measuring the flow rate of steel melt near surface thereof, comprising a flow rate detecting rod (18) and a deflection means (B) for the flow rate detecting rod, wherein the flow rate detecting rod (18) comprises a refractory material tube at one end and a stainless steel rod at the other end, and the stainless steel rod is fittedly connected with the refractory material tube. Also provided is a method for continuously measuring the flow rate of steel melt near surface thereof.