Circuitry for and methods of analyte measurement Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a hysteretic comparator having a first comparator input, a second comparator input and a comparator output; a feedback path between the comparator output and the second comparator input configured to provide a feedback signal to the second comparator input; and a loop filter configured to apply filtering to the feedback path to generate the feedback signal, wherein the loop filter comprises the electrochemical cell.

An operational amplifier-based hysteresis comparator and a chip are provided. The hysteresis comparator includes: an input stage and an amplification stage. The input stage includes: a first input branch and a second input branch, where the first input branch generates a first current based on the first voltage, and the second input branch generates a second current based on the second voltage. The first current is connected with a first input terminal of the amplification stage, and the second current is connected with a second input terminal of the amplification stage. An output terminal of the amplification stage outputs a first level when the first current is greater than the second current, and outputs a second level when the first current is less than the second current. The present disclosure changes the hysteresis voltage generation mode, thereby reducing the instability caused by positive feedback.

A monitoring apparatus is connected, in parallel with a motor, to a plurality of power supply lines. Each of the power supply lines has a different phase. The monitoring apparatus includes a first isolator that selectively allows a first current to flow from a first power supply line to a second power supply line. A second isolator selectively allows a second current to flow from the second power supply line to a third power supply line. A control module controls the first isolator, controls the second isolator, and receives a first signal corresponding to a total current. The total current includes both the first current and the second current. The control module selectively generates a phase failure signal in response to the first signal indicating that a failure of at least one of the power supply lines has occurred.

A signal measuring apparatus comprising: signal circuitry configured to receive an input signal to be measured; and memory circuitry coupled to the signal circuitry and configured to store information representing a magnitude of a voltage or a current of the input signal; wherein the memory circuitry comprises a first memory cell having a material which is arranged to switch from a first material state to a second material state in response to a first switching signal being applied thereto, wherein the first memory cell is tuned to a first value for the first switching signal so that a current or voltage with a magnitude at or above the first value will cause the material of the first memory cell to switch from the first material state to second material state; wherein the apparatus is configured to apply a measurement signal indicative of the input signal to the first memory cell for switching the material of the first memory cell from the first material state to the second material state in dependence on a magnitude of the voltage or current of the measurement signal.

Circuitry for measuring a characteristic of an electrochemical cell, the circuitry comprising: a hysteretic comparator having a first comparator input, a second comparator input and a comparator output; a feedback path between the comparator output and the second comparator input configured to provide a feedback signal to the second comparator input; and a loop filter configured to apply filtering to the feedback path to generate the feedback signal, wherein the loop filter comprises the electrochemical cell.

A diagnosis system diagnoses the integrity of an opening/closing device capable of opening and closing by driving a motor. A driving current acquisition unit acquires a driving current of the motor. A diagnosis unit defines a current waveform from a temporal change of the driving current acquired by the driving current acquisition unit and diagnoses the integrity of the opening/closing device based on the current waveform.

According to various embodiments, a sensor device may comprise: an energy harvester configured to generate electrical energy; an energy storage circuit configured to store the generated electrical energy; a monitoring circuit; a sensor; a communication circuit; and at least one processor, wherein the at least one processor is configured to identify a voltage of the energy storage circuit through the monitoring circuit, operate in a first mode in response to identification that the voltage is equal to or lower than a threshold value, operate in a second mode which consumes more power than the first mode, in response to identification that the voltage exceeds the threshold value, acquire a sensing value through the sensor according to a sensing scheme corresponding to one of the first mode and the second mode, and control the communication circuit to transmit the voltage and the sensing value to another electronic device according to the communication scheme corresponding to one of the first mode and the second mode. Various other embodiments are possible.

A Light Emitting Diode, LED, driver arranged for driving at least one LED, said LED driver comprising a rectifier arranged for receiving an Alternating Current, AC, supply voltage and for providing an output Direct Current, DC, voltage to said at least one LED, a voltage regulating branch arranged for controlling an LED voltage provided to said at least one LED, via a supply line, wherein said voltage regulating branch is arranged for receiving said DC voltage from said rectifier, wherein said voltage regulating branch comprises, a capacitor arranged for providing said LED voltage to said at least one LED, a current limiter, connected in series with said capacitor, and arranged for charging said capacitor thereby providing said LED voltage and a feedback circuit arranged for controlling the charging of said capacitor by said current limiter, and thereby controlling the LED voltage provided to said at least one LED, by regulating a minimum residual headroom voltage present on a LED current limiter coupled in series with said at least one LED.

An apparatus for diagnosing a main relay that controls connection between a battery pack and a load may comprise a resistor dividing circuit including a plurality of resistors, wherein the resistor dividing circuit is connected between a first main relay connected to a positive terminal of the battery pack and the load and between a first end of a second main relay connected to a negative terminal of the battery pack and a second end of the second main relay, and a diagnosing module connected to the resistor dividing circuit and a voltage source and outputting a relay diagnosis voltage to be used for diagnosing the first main relay and the second main relay.

A first circuit to receive from a sensor a thermal condition of a voltage regulator while circuitry comprising the voltage regulator is to regulate delivery of power to a power domain having first and second components. The circuitry is to control a first power consumption rate of the first component based on a first parameter and control a second power consumption rate of the second component based on a second parameter. The first circuit monitors the thermal condition and generates an evaluation result based on a test criterion. A second circuit receives from the first circuit a signal based on the evaluation result. Based on the signal, the second circuit is to signal the circuitry to change the first parameter. An amount of any change to the second parameter based on the evaluation result is different than an amount of change to the first parameter based on the evaluation result.