A shock awareness system including a shock detector for measuring an electrical condition in a body of water and a remote station in communication with the shock detector with the shock awareness system displaying a measured electrical condition in the body of water in relation to a known hazardous electrical condition in the body of water to enable an operator to determine a level of danger in a body of water.

A shock awareness system including a shock detector for measuring an electrical condition in a body of water and a remote station in communication with the shock detector with the shock awareness system displaying a measured electrical condition in the body of water in relation to a known hazardous electrical condition in the body of water to enable an operator to determine a level of danger in a body of water.

An apparatus and method for sending test signals to an instrument, and checking the resultant and subsequently arriving echo signals in order to detect specific properties and changes of properties on the line, the instrument, the tissue or also on a fluid body, e.g., plasma body, present on an electrode of the instrument, and to control the operation of the supply arrangement accordingly.

A method for operating an inductive conductivity meter having a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a terminating impedance device, the transmitting coil having a transmitting coil terminal, the receiving coil having a receiving coil terminal and the terminating impedance device having a terminating impedance, wherein the receiving coil is terminated with the terminating impedance device and wherein the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are inductively coupled with one another by an electrically conductive medium. To provide an improved accuracy of a determination of a conductivity of a medium a setpoint input impedance is specified, an input impedance is determined at the transmitting coil terminal, the terminating impedance is set such that the input impedance is matched to the setpoint input impedance, and a conductivity of the medium is determined using the adjusted input impedance and the set termination impedance.

A method for operating an inductive conductivity meter having a transmitting coil, a receiving coil and a terminating impedance device, the transmitting coil having a transmitting coil terminal, the receiving coil having a receiving coil terminal and the terminating impedance device having a terminating impedance, wherein the receiving coil is terminated with the terminating impedance device and wherein the transmitting coil and the receiving coil are inductively coupled with one another by an electrically conductive medium. To provide an improved accuracy of a determination of a conductivity of a medium a setpoint input impedance is specified, an input impedance is determined at the transmitting coil terminal, the terminating impedance is set such that the input impedance is matched to the setpoint input impedance, and a conductivity of the medium is determined using the adjusted input impedance and the set termination impedance.

An apparatus with embedded water detection and heater includes a substrate including a number of conductive traces and a lid including multiple electrodes. Each electrode is coupled to at least one of the conductive traces through vias. A sensor is placed inside a cavity of the lid and is electrically coupled to one or more conductive traces of the substrate. A gel at least partially fills the lid and covers the sensor. The presence of water on the apparatus is detected by measuring a dielectric permittivity between at least two of the plurality of electrodes, and the electrodes can generate heat to eliminate the water.

A method for producing different types of milk-air emulsions with a milk-air emulsion generating device, comprising: producing the milk-air emulsions in dependence on at least one determined physical material characteristic of the milk-air emulsion.

A method for detecting cancerous status of a biological sample. The method includes calculating a charge transfer resistance (R.sub.ct) of an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) associated with lipid secretion of a biological sample, detecting a cancerous state for the biological sample responsive to the calculated R.sub.ct being equal to or more than a threshold value, and detecting a normal state for the biological sample responsive to the calculated R.sub.ct being less than the threshold value. The biological sample includes a biological sample suspected to be cancerous.

A method for detecting cancerous status of a biological sample. The method includes calculating a charge transfer resistance (R.sub.ct) of an electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) associated with lipid secretion of a biological sample, detecting a cancerous state for the biological sample responsive to the calculated R.sub.ct being equal to or more than a threshold value, and detecting a normal state for the biological sample responsive to the calculated R.sub.ct being less than the threshold value. The biological sample includes a biological sample suspected to be cancerous.

A stretchable capacitance sensor having multiple components for communicating signals to a data acquisition system for reconstructing an image of an area or object located in a subject being sensed, and for calculating the shape or conformity that it is in. The stretchable sensor consists of an inner layer of plates that provide the capacitance data, a middle layer of plates that provide the geometry-sensing data, and an outer layer of plates that serves as the shielding ground layer. The configuration of all three components can be variably changed to increase the capacitance data channels, increase or decrease flexibility and stretchability of the sensor, and increase the spatial resolution of the geometry sensing feature. The sensor is adapted to communicate signals to a data acquisition system for providing an image of the area or object between the capacitance plates.