An impurity detection support device includes: a pipe in which a liquid under test flows; a first electrode and a second electrode provided in the pipe, the first electrode and the second electrode being arranged such that an AC voltage is adapted to be applied to or an AC current is adapted to be superimposed on the liquid under test in a space extending between a first position and a second position; a power supply unit that applies an AC voltage or superimposes an AC current between a pair of electrodes; a measurement unit that measures a current or a voltage generated between the pair of electrodes; and a calculation unit that calculates a resistance of the liquid under test using a measurement result of the measurement unit.

An impurity detection support device includes: a pipe in which a liquid under test flows; a first electrode and a second electrode provided in the pipe, the first electrode and the second electrode being arranged such that an AC voltage is adapted to be applied to or an AC current is adapted to be superimposed on the liquid under test in a space extending between a first position and a second position; a power supply unit that applies an AC voltage or superimposes an AC current between a pair of electrodes; a measurement unit that measures a current or a voltage generated between the pair of electrodes; and a calculation unit that calculates a resistance of the liquid under test using a measurement result of the measurement unit.

A shock detector having an electrical detector having a set of water immersible electrodes for detecting hazardous water conditions through the determination of the presence of either an electrical current in a body of water, a voltage in the body of water or a voltage gradient in the body of water and then providing an alert to the existence of hazardous electrical conditions in the body of water which in some cases is transmitted to a power source to shut off a power source thereby removing the hazardous water condition.

A shock detector having an electrical detector having a set of water immersible electrodes for detecting hazardous water conditions through the determination of the presence of either an electrical current in a body of water, a voltage in the body of water or a voltage gradient in the body of water and then providing an alert to the existence of hazardous electrical conditions in the body of water which in some cases is transmitted to a power source to shut off a power source thereby removing the hazardous water condition.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an interrogation device that is operable to apply one or more source signals to one or more coils surrounding a volume, where a material is disposed within the volume. Each of the one or more source signals may excite one of the one or more coils, and the behavior of each the one or more coils responsive to the exciting may be monitored. One or more parameters may be determined based on the behavior of each the one or more coils, and the one or more parameters may be utilized to generate a signature for the material within the volume. The signature may be compared to one or more signatures of known materials to identify the material within the volume.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide an interrogation device that is operable to apply one or more source signals to one or more coils surrounding a volume, where a material is disposed within the volume. Each of the one or more source signals may excite one of the one or more coils, and the behavior of each the one or more coils responsive to the exciting may be monitored. One or more parameters may be determined based on the behavior of each the one or more coils, and the one or more parameters may be utilized to generate a signature for the material within the volume. The signature may be compared to one or more signatures of known materials to identify the material within the volume.

The present disclosure relates to a sensor and a measuring system and a sensor network that incorporate one or more such sensors. An example sensor could be configured to measure a conductivity of a liquid. The sensor includes a first electrode and a second electrode, each electrode having a surface area, wherein the surface area of the electrodes determines a cell constant of the sensor (Kcell), and wherein at least one of the electrodes is provided with a switching means arranged so that the surface area of the respective electrode can be changed, thereby varying the cell constant (Kcell) of the sensor.

The present disclosure relates to a sensor and a measuring system and a sensor network that incorporate one or more such sensors. An example sensor could be configured to measure a conductivity of a liquid. The sensor includes a first electrode and a second electrode, each electrode having a surface area, wherein the surface area of the electrodes determines a cell constant of the sensor (Kcell), and wherein at least one of the electrodes is provided with a switching means arranged so that the surface area of the respective electrode can be changed, thereby varying the cell constant (Kcell) of the sensor.

An electrode assembly for a conductivity meter or resistivity meter includes: an electrode main body; a test liquid intake flow path passing through the electrode main body; a pair of voltage electrodes which is respectively provided so that surfaces thereof are exposed to opposing inner wall surfaces forming the test liquid intake flow path; and a pair of current electrodes which is respectively provided so that surfaces thereof are exposed to each of the inner wall surfaces, and in this configuration, each of the pair of current electrodes contains a carbon-based material, and each of the surfaces of the pair of current electrodes exposed to the inner wall surfaces is in a strip shape.

An electrode assembly for a conductivity meter or resistivity meter includes: an electrode main body; a test liquid intake flow path passing through the electrode main body; a pair of voltage electrodes which is respectively provided so that surfaces thereof are exposed to opposing inner wall surfaces forming the test liquid intake flow path; and a pair of current electrodes which is respectively provided so that surfaces thereof are exposed to each of the inner wall surfaces, and in this configuration, each of the pair of current electrodes contains a carbon-based material, and each of the surfaces of the pair of current electrodes exposed to the inner wall surfaces is in a strip shape.