Provided is a battery type determining device including: an output controller configured to instruct a current application circuit to apply a specific current to a battery having a current collector and a wound body or laminate; a magnetic field characteristic measurer configured to measure a magnetic field characteristic generated in the battery when the current is applied from the output controller; a storage unit configured to store a specified value of the magnetic field characteristic in accordance with a type of the battery; and a determiner configured to compare the specified value with a measured value of the magnetic field characteristic measurer to determine the type of the battery, wherein the magnetic field characteristic measurer measures a magnetic field generated by an electric current flowing through the current collector of the battery.

An inspection system for inspecting a secondary battery cell is generally described. An example inspection system includes a thickness measurement unit, an electrical characteristics measurement unit, a print processing unit, a tab cutting unit, a mass measurement unit, a tab inspection unit and a defect selection unit. The thickness measurement unit, the electrical characteristics measurement unit, the print processing unit, the tab cutting unit, the mass measurement unit, the tab inspection unit and the defect selection unit are arranged in series, and a plurality of secondary battery cells are transferred in line throughout the inspection system.

An inspection system for inspecting a secondary battery cell is generally described. An example inspection system includes a thickness measurement unit, an electrical characteristics measurement unit, a print processing unit, a tab cutting unit, a mass measurement unit, a tab inspection unit and a defect selection unit. The thickness measurement unit, the electrical characteristics measurement unit, the print processing unit, the tab cutting unit, the mass measurement unit, the tab inspection unit and the defect selection unit are arranged in series, and a plurality of secondary battery cells are transferred in line throughout the inspection system.

Sensors and methods for determining the state of charge of a battery are described. The state of charge is determined in some instances by applying a current perturbation having a frequency to the battery terminals, monitoring the response signal, and determining the phase of the response signal. The phase may be correlated to the state of charge of the battery, so that once the phase is determined, a determination of the state of charge of the battery may be made. In some situations, the state of charge may be used to determine the operating condition of a load connected to the battery. In some embodiments, the state of charge may be used to determine whether the battery is defective.

Sensors and methods for determining the state of charge of a battery are described. The state of charge is determined in some instances by applying a current perturbation having a frequency to the battery terminals, monitoring the response signal, and determining the phase of the response signal. The phase may be correlated to the state of charge of the battery, so that once the phase is determined, a determination of the state of charge of the battery may be made. In some situations, the state of charge may be used to determine the operating condition of a load connected to the battery. In some embodiments, the state of charge may be used to determine whether the battery is defective.

A test system for characterizing solid oxide cells includes at least one gas control unit, at least one fuel gas mixture line, at least one hydrogen gas line, and at least one oxygen gas line. The at least one gas control unit includes at least three stack layers, and at least one hydration unit to humidify the uniform gas mixture. The hydration unit is disposed in a hydration layer of the at least three stack layers. At least one mixing chamber is directly connected in a gas-conductive manner to the fuel gas mixture line and the hydration unit, and is configured for producing the uniform gas mixture and is disposed in a mixing layer of the at least three stack layers. At least one test station for a solid oxide cell is disposed on a test layer of the at least three stack layers.

A test system for characterizing solid oxide cells includes at least one gas control unit, at least one fuel gas mixture line, at least one hydrogen gas line, and at least one oxygen gas line. The at least one gas control unit includes at least three stack layers, and at least one hydration unit to humidify the uniform gas mixture. The hydration unit is disposed in a hydration layer of the at least three stack layers. At least one mixing chamber is directly connected in a gas-conductive manner to the fuel gas mixture line and the hydration unit, and is configured for producing the uniform gas mixture and is disposed in a mixing layer of the at least three stack layers. At least one test station for a solid oxide cell is disposed on a test layer of the at least three stack layers.

A method for estimating the state of charge (SOC) of a lithium-ion battery system based on artificial intelligence (AI) is provided. In the method, the relationship between the charging data segments and the SOC of the battery system is established through deep learning, and the SOC at any stage of the charging process can be corrected. SOC in a discharging process is estimated through ampere-hour integration. The estimation method is adaptively updated with a change in the working state of the battery system.

A method for estimating the state of charge (SOC) of a lithium-ion battery system based on artificial intelligence (AI) is provided. In the method, the relationship between the charging data segments and the SOC of the battery system is established through deep learning, and the SOC at any stage of the charging process can be corrected. SOC in a discharging process is estimated through ampere-hour integration. The estimation method is adaptively updated with a change in the working state of the battery system.

Estimating a charge state for a flat-voltage profile battery can be accomplished using impedance measurements. For example, an impedance measurement can be used to form a fuel gauge for a lithium-air (Li-Air) battery. As the impedance of a Li-Air battery increases during discharge, it corresponds to a state of charge (i.e., a charge state). The impedance can be used to create charge state data to use with a fuel gauge.