An electrochemical energy storage cell is configured to repeatedly store electrical energy, and includes two electrodes, and at least one reference electrode element to enable determining an electrode potential of at least one of the two electrodes. A rechargeable battery, and in particular to a rechargeable lithium-ion battery, includes the electrochemical energy storage cell, and is configured to supply electrical energy to an electrical load. A method includes determining an electrode potential of at least one of the two electrodes with reference to the at least one reference electrode element.

A system and method for prolonging a useful lifetime of an energy storage. The method includes: determining, based on a first set of test storage data of the test energy storage, a first set of test configuration parameters comprising a first maximum charge level for the test energy storage, wherein the first set of test configuration parameters corresponds to a first estimated useful life; determining, based on a second set of test storage data of the test energy storage, a second set of test configuration parameters comprising a second maximum charge level for the test energy storage, wherein the second set of test configuration parameters corresponds to a second estimated useful life; and sending, to a controller of the test energy storage, reconfiguration instructions, wherein the reconfiguration instructions are based on the second set of test configuration parameters, wherein the second estimated useful life is longer than the first estimated useful life.

A method and apparatus for detecting an internal short circuit in a battery are provided. The method includes acquiring values of one or more basic parameters of the battery, acquiring values of one or more degradation parameters used in a battery model indicating an internal state of the battery based on the values of the one or more basic parameters, determining whether the internal short circuit occurs in the battery based on a first value of a first degradation parameter and a second value of a second degradation parameter from among the one or more degradation parameters, and performing an operation in response to the internal short circuit occurring in the battery.

A system and method for determining whether a battery is operating in an anomalous condition can include or be configured to measure sensor data, estimate a local property of the battery using on the sensor data, and classify whether the battery is operating in the anomalous condition based on the local property.

A system and method for determining whether a battery is operating in an anomalous condition can include or be configured to measure sensor data, estimate a local property of the battery using on the sensor data, and classify whether the battery is operating in the anomalous condition based on the local property.

Described herein are methods and systems for detecting variation in minor total-impedance contributors in sets of electrochemical cells. For example, a method comprises maintaining a substantially constant current through the set of electrochemical cells and obtaining multiple voltage readings of the cells while the substantially constant current is maintained. The method then proceeds with determining multiple differential capacity values from the multiple voltage readings, characterizing one or more peaks in the multiple differential capacity values, and determining the variation in the minor total-impedance contributor based on one or more peaks. More specifically, partial capacitance values can be assigned to different impedance channels based on these peaks or, more specifically, based on the separation of adjacent peaks. The variation in the minor total-impedance contributor can be attributed to one or more of a tap-weld quality, electrolyte wetting, tape damage, active material activation energy variations, and diffusion variation of the ion-conducting material.

An integrated circuit device includes a controller, a voltage source coupled to the controller, a voltage sampler coupled to the controller, a to current detector coupled to the controller and memory coupled to the controller, where memory includes code segments executable by the controller for: (a) measuring a cell voltage to determine an initial voltage; (b) holding the cell voltage at the initial voltage using a power source; and (c) determining the leakage current of the cell by the current provided by the current power source with a low current detector. The power source can be one or both of a voltage source and a current source.

An integrated circuit device includes a controller, a voltage source coupled to the controller, a voltage sampler coupled to the controller, a to current detector coupled to the controller and memory coupled to the controller, where memory includes code segments executable by the controller for: (a) measuring a cell voltage to determine an initial voltage; (b) holding the cell voltage at the initial voltage using a power source; and (c) determining the leakage current of the cell by the current provided by the current power source with a low current detector. The power source can be one or both of a voltage source and a current source.

A portable battery detection device includes a battery data receiving module for receiving battery data, a temperature measurement module for measuring battery temperature, a gas measurement module for measuring discharged gas, an insulation resistance measurement module for measuring insulation resistance, a serial impedance measurement module for measuring serial impedance, a data acquisition module for receiving various data sent by the temperature measurement module and the gas measurement module, an electric meter module for measuring DC voltage, current, and impedance, the data integration module for receiving data transmitted by the battery data receiving module, the electric meter module, and the insulation resistance measurement module, and then integrating the data to the processor module, and the processor module for using data received from the data integration module, the data acquisition module, and the serial impedance measurement module to transmit data, control, and manage the operation of the portable battery detection device.

The present disclosure relates to an insulation resistance measuring device and method, including a parameter resistance connected to a negative electrode terminal of a battery; a shunt resistance connectable to the parameter resistance; a current detection circuit including an operational amplifier configured to detect and output voltage between both ends of the shunt resistance; and a control unit configured to determine the insulation resistance of the battery using a switch control terminal configured to control a switch connected between the parameter resistance and the shunt resistance to an ON or OFF state, a detection signal output terminal configured to selectively apply a first high voltage signal and a first low voltage signal to the shunt resistance, a control signal output terminal configured to apply a control voltage signal to the operational amplifier to adjust an output voltage of the operational amplifier within a predetermined range, an ADC connected to an output terminal of the operational amplifier, and a predefined insulation resistance formula that includes, as a parameter, a first voltage change amount with respect to the output voltage of the operational amplifier being measured through the ADC when the first high voltage signal and the first low voltage signal are applied to the shunt resistance.