A method for detecting internal short circuit of a battery, includes: discharging a battery with a first current I.sub.1 at a moment t.sub.1; calculating a first discharge voltage drop ΔV.sub.1 of the battery at a moment t.sub.1+dt; discharging the battery with a second current I.sub.2 at a moment t.sub.2, where I.sub.1≠I.sub.2; calculating a second discharge voltage drop ΔV.sub.2 of the battery at a moment t.sub.2+dt; and determining, based on the first current I.sub.1, the first discharge voltage drop ΔV.sub.1, the second current I.sub.2, and the second discharge voltage drop ΔV.sub.2, whether the battery has an internal short circuit. In this application, whether the battery has an internal short circuit can be accurately determined, thereby ensuring safety of an electronic apparatus and a user.

A method for detecting internal short circuit of a battery, includes: discharging a battery with a first current I.sub.1 at a moment t.sub.1; calculating a first discharge voltage drop ΔV.sub.1 of the battery at a moment t.sub.1+dt; discharging the battery with a second current I.sub.2 at a moment t.sub.2, where I.sub.1≠I.sub.2; calculating a second discharge voltage drop ΔV.sub.2 of the battery at a moment t.sub.2+dt; and determining, based on the first current I.sub.1, the first discharge voltage drop ΔV.sub.1, the second current I.sub.2, and the second discharge voltage drop ΔV.sub.2, whether the battery has an internal short circuit. In this application, whether the battery has an internal short circuit can be accurately determined, thereby ensuring safety of an electronic apparatus and a user.

A method for estimating at least one leakage inductance of a 3n-phase electrical machine includes performing a first machine investigation scheme and a second machine investigation scheme, the first scheme including ordering a machine drive stage to control one of the 3-phase windings, obtaining a first set of measured currents from the 3-phase winding and processing the first set of measured currents to obtain primary characteristics of an electrical quantity of the electrical machine, the second scheme including ordering the machine drive stage to control all the 3-phase windings using a VSD control model, the controlling involving only controlling a first fundamental subspace of the VSD control model, obtaining a second set of measured currents from all 3-phase windings and processing the second set of measured currents to obtain a leakage inductance estimate and secondary characteristics of the electrical quantity, for which leakage inductance estimate the primary and secondary characteristics match.

A method for estimating at least one leakage inductance of a 3n-phase electrical machine includes performing a first machine investigation scheme and a second machine investigation scheme, the first scheme including ordering a machine drive stage to control one of the 3-phase windings, obtaining a first set of measured currents from the 3-phase winding and processing the first set of measured currents to obtain primary characteristics of an electrical quantity of the electrical machine, the second scheme including ordering the machine drive stage to control all the 3-phase windings using a VSD control model, the controlling involving only controlling a first fundamental subspace of the VSD control model, obtaining a second set of measured currents from all 3-phase windings and processing the second set of measured currents to obtain a leakage inductance estimate and secondary characteristics of the electrical quantity, for which leakage inductance estimate the primary and secondary characteristics match.

A ground-fault detecting device includes: a first detecting module, having a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and a third input terminal coupled to a first-phase electric power, a second-phase electric power, and a third-phase electric power on an AC side of a photovoltaic power generating system respectively, for sampling voltages of the first-phase electric power, the second-phase electric power, and the third-phase electric power to generate a first sampled voltage, a second sampled voltage, and a third sampled voltage respectively; and a controller, coupled to the first detecting module, for determining if a ground-fault occurs in the AC side before the photovoltaic power generating system is connected to a grid according to the first sampled voltage, the second sampled voltage, and the third sampled voltage; wherein the controller generates an alarm signal when the ground-fault occurs in the AC side.

A method for electricity-related security awareness of distributed power supply systems considering spatio-temporal distribution of rainstorms, including: establishing a multi-dimensional parallel parasitic capacitance calculation model of the distributed photovoltaic-energy storage power supply system considering accumulated water depth and micro-terrain environment; performing multi-source spatio-temporal hierarchical correlation analysis between rainstorm spatio-temporal distribution characteristics (including rainfall peak position, cloud movement, rainfall intensity and rainfall duration) and an operating state of the distributed power supply system; constructing a leakage current probability prediction model considering unevenness and randomness of the rainstorm spatio-temporal distribution; and establishing an electricity-related security awareness model based on deep meta-learning.

A method for electricity-related security awareness of distributed power supply systems considering spatio-temporal distribution of rainstorms, including: establishing a multi-dimensional parallel parasitic capacitance calculation model of the distributed photovoltaic-energy storage power supply system considering accumulated water depth and micro-terrain environment; performing multi-source spatio-temporal hierarchical correlation analysis between rainstorm spatio-temporal distribution characteristics (including rainfall peak position, cloud movement, rainfall intensity and rainfall duration) and an operating state of the distributed power supply system; constructing a leakage current probability prediction model considering unevenness and randomness of the rainstorm spatio-temporal distribution; and establishing an electricity-related security awareness model based on deep meta-learning.

An electronic device according to an embodiment of the disclosure may include a battery. The battery may include: an electrode assembly including a cathode substrate coupled to a cathode tab, an anode substrate coupled to an anode tab, and a separator sheet disposed between the cathode substrate and the anode substrate, and a pouch accommodating the electrode assembly, wherein the pouch includes a bonding portion provided along an edge of the electrode assembly, a first damage detection circuit configured to detect damage to the battery, and a circuit board to which the cathode tab, the anode tab, and the first damage detection circuit are electrically coupled. The battery may include a first portion, a second portion foldable with respect to the first portion, and a folding portion which couples the first portion and the second portion. The first damage detection circuit may extend from a first point of the circuit board to a single point of the second portion by crossing the first portion and the folding portion along an inside of the bonding portion, and extend from the single point of the second portion to a second point of the circuit board by crossing the folding portion and the first portion along the inside of the bonding portion.

A system and method for monitoring characteristics of an electric energy device includes generating an external short from the electric energy device. The external short occurs at a known distance from a sensor and has at least one known external resistance. The received signal representing change in electromagnetic field due to the applied external short may be analyzed to determine a signal parameter that is then analyzed in comparison to a lookup table, based on the known conditions including distance, temperature and the external resistance. The output of this analyses in comparison with expected values may be utilized to identify a characteristic of the energy device.

A system and method for monitoring characteristics of an electric energy device includes generating an external short from the electric energy device. The external short occurs at a known distance from a sensor and has at least one known external resistance. The received signal representing change in electromagnetic field due to the applied external short may be analyzed to determine a signal parameter that is then analyzed in comparison to a lookup table, based on the known conditions including distance, temperature and the external resistance. The output of this analyses in comparison with expected values may be utilized to identify a characteristic of the energy device.