A radio-frequency method for range finding includes modulating a reference signal having an intermediate frequency to a downlink signal having a carrier frequency using a clock signal. The downlink signal is transmitted to a tag using a transceiver. An uplink signal backscattered from the tag is received and demodulated using the clock signal. The uplink signal has a frequency that is a harmonic of the carrier frequency. A distance between the tag and the transceiver is calculated based on a phase of the demodulated uplink signal. A system for range finding includes a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver modulates a reference signal to a downlink signal and transmits the downlink signal. The transceiver receives and demodulates an uplink signal. The processor is configured to receive the demodulated uplink signal and calculate a distance between the tag and the transceiver using a phase of the demodulated uplink signal.

Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and method for monitoring of physical movement in relation to regions where movement is either unconditionally or conditionally unauthorized.

Disclosed are techniques to compensate frequency systematic known error (FSKE) in reflector or initiator radios using a hybrid RF-digital approach in multi-carrier phase-based ranging. The hybrid RF-digital approach combines a coarse frequency compensation technique in the RF domain and a fine frequency compensation technique in the digital domain to remove the FSKE across all carrier frequencies from a device. The coarse frequency compensation performed in the RF domain may use a PLL to multiply the crystal frequency to arrive close to a target carrier frequency to compensate for a coarse portion of the known FSKE at the target frequency. The fine frequency compensation may use digital techniques to remove the remaining portion of the known FSKE not compensated by the RF. The hybrid approach reduces the number of fractional bits in the multiplier of the PLL when compared to an approach that uses only the RF-PLL to remove the FSKE.

Disclosed embodiments relate, generally, to beacon systems where a locator beacon is used as a marker for a location of interest, and improving false positive immunity in such beacon systems. Confiner beacons are included in such beacon systems to confine a triggering area for triggering a location indication for a location of interest marked by a locator beacon. In other embodiments, arbitrarily shaped triggering areas are defined using confiner beacons. In other embodiments, errant locator signals are identified and handled (e.g., ignored).

Provided are a method for performing wireless communication by a first device, and an apparatus for supporting same. The method may comprise: obtaining sidelink (SL) synchronization priority order information set to global navigation satellite system (GNSS)-based synchronization or base station-based synchronization; selecting at least one synchronization reference based on the SL synchronization priority order information; obtaining time synchronization from the at least one synchronization reference; and forming a SL positioning group with a second device based on the at least one synchronization reference or the time synchronization.

A radio-frequency method for range finding includes modulating a reference signal having an intermediate frequency to a downlink signal having a carrier frequency using a clock signal. The downlink signal is transmitted to a tag using a transceiver. An uplink signal backscattered front the tag is received and demodulated using the clock signal. The uplink signal has a frequency that is a harmonic of the carrier frequency. A distance between the tag and the transceiver is calculated based on a phase of the demodulated uplink signal. A system for range finding includes a transceiver and a processor. The transceiver modulates a reference signal to downlink signal and transmits the downlink signal. The transceiver receives and demodulates an uplink signal. The processor is configured to receive the demodulated uplink signal and calculate a distance between the tag and the transceiver using a phase of the demodulated uplink signal.

The invention relates to an auto-calibration apparatus, device, and server, an auto-calibration method, and a storage medium, where the auto-calibration apparatus includes: a communication unit configured to receive a target position; a positioning unit configured to determine a current position of the apparatus; a computing unit configured to generate a driving signal based on the target position and the current position; a driving unit configured to move the apparatus to the target position based on the driving signal; and a beacon unit configured to broadcast, at least at the target position, a beacon signal used for calibration. The auto-calibration apparatus may implement efficient auto-calibration on vehicles.

A system and a method may be used for operating and/or calibrating a transmitter device. The system and method may include wirelessly transmitting a radio signal with identification data specific to the transmitter device and reference data. The transmitter device may transmit the radio signal with signal properties at least partially dependent on the reference data. A communication device may receive the radio signal and ascertain a distance between the transmitter device and the communication device using reception-side signal properties and the reference data ascertained from the received radio signal. A distance sensor may detect a distance between the transmitter device and the communication device. An evaluation unit may ascertain the reference data depending on the reception-side signal properties of the radio signal and the detected distance and to provide the ascertained reference data in the transmitter device for calibrating the transmitting device.

Various embodiments of the present invention provide systems and method for monitoring of physical movement in relation to regions where movement is either unconditionally or conditionally unauthorized.

Position of a transceiver is calibrated using a pair of calibration devices spaced from the transceiver and each other. A calibration wave signal is emitted from one of the calibration devices and detected by the transceiver as well as the other calibration device. The transceiver generates a response wave signal upon receipt of the calibration wave signal which response wave signal is detected by one of the calibration devices. A delay constant for use in distance determination between transceivers is calculated based on the sum of detected transmission and receipt time intervals and the propagation speed of the wave signals.