Methods, systems and apparatuses for location monitoring are disclosed. One system includes a first location monitoring apparatus that includes a plurality of sensors, shared storage, and a low-power controller. For an embodiment, the low-power controller operates to manage the plurality of sensors, manage storage of sensed information in the shared storage, communicate with an upstream server, and communicate with a second location monitoring apparatus. For an embodiment, a high-power controller operates to retrieve at least a portion of the stored sensed information, process the at least the portion of the stored sensed information, communicate with the low-power controller, and communicate with a second low-power controller of the second location monitoring apparatus through the low-power controller. For an embodiment, the low-power controller is powered and operable for greater periods of time than the high-power controller, and where the low-power controller.

Systems and methods for determining a timing offset of a plurality of emitter antennas in a wireless network. The methods include deploying a network synchronization calibration unit at a location within receiving range of a plurality of direct path reference signals transmitted by the plurality of emitter antennas. The synchronization calibration unit receives the plurality of direct path reference signals and one or more reflected reference signals, which are then separated from one another to identify the direct path reference signals when a signal strength of one direct path reference signal is less than a signal strength of a reflected reference signal. A set of data is collected from the reflected reference signals that is indicative of the timing offset and that set of data is analyzed to estimate the timing offset.

An electronic device includes a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) reception circuit configured to receive a first signal having a first frequency and a second signal having a second frequency; a wireless communication circuit configured to support cellular communication or short-range communication; a processor operably connected to the GNSS reception circuit and the wireless communication circuit; and a memory operably connected to the processor, wherein the memory stores instructions that enable the processor to perform operations when the instructions are executed, the operations including receiving the first signal using the GNSS reception circuit; receiving the second signal using the GNSS reception circuit; receiving at least one third signal using the wireless communication circuit; determining existence of a multi-path state, based at least on the first signal and the second signal; and selecting at least one of the first signal, the second signal, or the third signal in order to determine a location of the electronic device, based at least on the determination.

A positioning device receives positioning signals from multiple positioning satellites respectively provided by multiple positioning systems, selects one or more use systems to be used in a positioning calculation processing among the multiple positioning systems based on a determination of whether a surrounding environment is an environment in which a multipath is likely to occur, and performs the positioning calculation processing by using the positioning signals from the positioning satellites provided by the positioning systems selected as the use systems.

Disclosed is an apparatus and method for managing assistance data by user equipment. The method may include obtaining positioning assistance data from a server. The method may also include generating, from the obtained positioning assistance data, at least one first subset of positioning assistance data based, at least in part, on positioning capabilities and/or positioning preferences associated with a first device. Furthermore, the method may include transmitting the first subset of positioning assistance data to the first device.

A mobile station (MS), a base station subsystem (BSS), and various methods are described herein that enable a positioning node (e.g., Serving Mobile Location Center (SMLC)) to improve the accuracy of estimating a position of the mobile station.

Systems and methods of determining a device position are described. GPS and cellular signals, in addition to VIO displacement are used to determine the device position via a loose or tight coupling algorithm. Both algorithms iteratively linearize base station position equations around an intermediate position that changes each iteration based on VIO displacement and solves the linearized solutions until convergence. The loose coupling algorithm uses the GPS fix as an initiation position, linearizing and solving using the base station equations only. The tight coupling algorithm linearizes both the base station and GPS position equations, using an arbitrary initial position. To account for multipath effects, the linearization and solution are performed for multiple random sets of measurements and the position with the smallest error metric is selected.

To obtain a relative localization between a plurality of mobile devices, a first mobile device observes a second mobile device within a field of view of the first mobile device's camera at time t1, determines a first position of the first mobile device at t1, and receives from the second mobile device a second position of the second mobile device at t1. The first mobile device determines information about the first mobile device's orientation with respect to the second mobile device at t1 based at least in part on the first position and the observation of the second mobile device. The first mobile device identifies two constraints that relate the mobile devices' coordinate systems based at least in part on the second position and the orientation information. The first mobile device's pose relative to the second mobile device may be calculated once at least six constraints are accumulated.

A method of detecting an unknown signal and estimating a source location of the unknown signal using aircraft based on an automatic dependent surveillance-broadcast (ADS-B) system is provided. The method includes a first step (S100) for obtaining from a plurality of airborne aircrafts provided with a network system, an aircraft signal transmitted to neighboring aircraft. The method further includes a second step (S200) for detecting, by one of the plurality of aircraft, a presence of the unknown signal in the aircraft signal based on one of a time difference of arrival (TDOA) method, a time of arrival (TOA) method, and an angle of arrival (AOA) method. The method further includes a third step (S300) for estimating the source location of the unknown signal and a fourth step (S400) for transmitting unknown signal generation information and the source to neighboring aircraft and the ATC through a flight information services-broadcast (FIS-B).

The present disclosure relates to a pre-5.sup.th-Generation (5G) or 5G communication system to be provided for supporting higher data rates Beyond 4.sup.th-Generation (4G) communication system such as Long Term Evolution (LTE). A method for operating of a terminal in a wireless communication system according to an exemplary embodiment includes: receiving signals from other terminals; selecting another terminal which has proximity to the terminal from among the other terminals based on reception powers of the signals and information related to the signals; and determining a location of the terminal based on location information of the other terminals.