Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for performing ranging operations between an initiator device and a responder device. The initiator device may transmit, to the responder device, a fine timing measurement (FTM) request frame including a request to estimate angle information for a number of frames exchanged between the initiator device and the responder device and indicating a level of accuracy for the estimated angle information. The initiator device may receive a first FTM frame from the responder device, and may transmit an acknowledgement (ACK) frame to the responder device. The initiator device may receive, from the responder device, a second FTM frame including angle information of the first FTM frame and timing information of one or more of the exchanged frames.

Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for performing ranging operations between an initiator device and a responder device. The initiator device may transmit, to the responder device, a fine timing measurement (FTM) request frame including a request to estimate angle information for a number of frames exchanged between the initiator device and the responder device and indicating a level of accuracy for the estimated angle information. The initiator device may receive a first FTM frame from the responder device, and may transmit an acknowledgement (ACK) frame to the responder device. The initiator device may receive, from the responder device, a second FTM frame including angle information of the first FTM frame and timing information of one or more of the exchanged frames.

The present invention relates to a communication device and an electronic device having the same. A communication device according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: first to third antennas arranged to be spaced different distances from each other; first to third transceiving units; and a processor for controlling the first to third transceiving units, wherein the processor calculates a first phase difference on the basis of a difference between a first reception signal received by the first antenna and a second reception signal received by the second antenna, calculates a second phase difference on the basis of a difference between the first reception signal received by the first antenna and a third reception signal received by the third antenna, and calculates location information of an external communication device on the basis of the first phase difference and the second phase difference. Therefore, the present invention can accurately calculate the location information of the external communication device.

A system and method for determining the location of nodes within a network. Beamforming coefficients associated with signals transmitted from a first node to a second node are determined and, based on the beamforming coefficients, direction is determined between the first and second nodes. Distance is determined as a function of direction and the location of the second node is determined as a function of distance and direction.

A system and method for determining the location of nodes within a network. Beamforming coefficients associated with signals transmitted from a first node to a second node are determined and, based on the beamforming coefficients, direction is determined between the first and second nodes. Distance is determined as a function of direction and the location of the second node is determined as a function of distance and direction.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of a balloon-based positioning system and method. In one example embodiment, a system includes at least three balloons, with each balloon including a position-determining module (PDM) and a position-broadcasting module (PBM). Each PDM is configured for determining a position of the respective balloon and each PBM is configured for broadcasting a balloon signal containing balloon-positioning data of the respective balloon. The balloon-positioning data includes the determined position of the respective balloon and a corresponding time of broadcast.

A method and an apparatus for determining a vehicle position in a fixed-traffic-node coordinate system. The apparatus includes at least one receiver for receiving a signal from a traffic-node transmission device, at least one device for determining an item of direction-of-travel information in a global reference coordinate system and at least one evaluation device. A spatial relationship between the global reference coordinate system and the fixed-traffic-node coordinate system is known in advance. The evaluation device can be used to take at least one signal property of a received signal as a basis for determining a position of the traffic-node transmission device in a vehicle coordinate system. The evaluation device can be used to determine the vehicle position in the fixed-traffic-node coordinate system on the basis of the direction-of-travel information and the position of the traffic-node transmission device in the vehicle coordinate system.

A method for geolocating a receiver by measuring times of reception, by the receiver, of a plurality of geolocation signals originating from a plurality of emitters, the geolocation signals are emitted on multiple different wavelengths, at least one geolocation signal having a frequency less than 1 GHz.

A method for geolocating a receiver by measuring times of reception, by the receiver, of a plurality of geolocation signals originating from a plurality of emitters, the geolocation signals are emitted on multiple different wavelengths, at least one geolocation signal having a frequency less than 1 GHz.

An apparatus for a vehicle includes processing circuitry configured to obtain identification information on a future passenger of the vehicle, the identification information comprising an ultra-wideband communication identification of a mobile device of the future passenger. The processing circuitry is also configured to locate the future passenger outside the vehicle using ultra-wideband communication, the ultra-wideband communication being performed between an ultra-wideband transceiver of the vehicle and the mobile device of the future passenger and being based on the ultra-wideband communication identification of the mobile device. The processing circuitry is further configured to compute guidance information based on the location of the future passenger of the vehicle, and provide the guidance information via an interface.