Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for performing ranging operations between an initiator device and a responder device. The initiator device may transmit, to the responder device, a fine timing measurement (FTM) request frame including a request to estimate angle information for a number of frames exchanged between the initiator device and the responder device and indicating a level of accuracy for the estimated angle information. The initiator device may receive a first FTM frame from the responder device, and may transmit an acknowledgement (ACK) frame to the responder device. The initiator device may receive, from the responder device, a second FTM frame including angle information of the first FTM frame and timing information of one or more of the exchanged frames.

In a server system, a computer-implemented method of initiating a proximity-based communication protocol involving a first and one or more second client devices. For each of plural candidate second devices location coordinates are retrieved and an associated axis aligned bounding box AABB is calculated. When AABB of such candidate second devices overlap with an AABB for the first device, the candidate is presented to the user of the first device. Next, a selection of one or more candidate second devices is received from the first device and causing the protocol to be initiated between the first device and the one or more selected candidate second devices.

A node for determining the position of a device, wherein the node is configured to transmitting a Response Request Message, RRM, to the device, start at least one counter at the transmission of the RRM from a physical or data link layer of multiple abstraction layers being adapted to perform different tasks in the node, receive a Response Message, RM, from the device as a response to the RRM, stop the at least one counter at the reception of the RM, wherein the node further is adapted to record a counter result at the reception of RM in the physical or data link layer for each of at least three omni-directional antenna elements in the node using the at least one counter, determine the distance between the node and the device based on the recorded counter results, record an arrival angle, for the reception of the RM at each of the at least three omni-directional antenna elements, and determine the position of the device based on the determined distance and the recorded arrival angles.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for enhancing a beamforming training procedure.

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide methods and apparatus for enhancing a beamforming training procedure.

In an aspect of the disclosure, a method, a computer-readable medium, and an apparatus are provided. The apparatus may include a processing system configured to generate a frame including a data field and a plurality of training subfields. The data field may include information indicating a different direction for transmitting each of the training subfields. The apparatus may include an interface configured to output the frame for transmission with the data field in a first direction and the training subfields in their respective directions.

Embodiments provide a positioning method, a control device, and a mobile communications system. A control device receives a first positioning measurement parameter used for positioning a user equipment (UE). The first positioning measurement parameter is received through one communications system interface or multiple communications system interfaces among N communications system interfaces supported by the control device. The control device positions the UE according to the received first positioning measurement parameter.

Embodiments provide a positioning method, a control device, and a mobile communications system. A control device receives a first positioning measurement parameter used for positioning a user equipment (UE). The first positioning measurement parameter is received through one communications system interface or multiple communications system interfaces among N communications system interfaces supported by the control device. The control device positions the UE according to the received first positioning measurement parameter.

Systems and methods are provided that include a transceiver system. The transceiver system is configured to (i) transmit a location request signal to a user identification device (UID), (ii) receive, in response to the UID receiving the location request signal, a position signal transmitted from the UID, and (iii) measure angles of arrival of the position signal for each transceiver of the transceiver system. A controller is in communication with the transceivers and is configured to (i) receive the angles of arrival, (ii) determine a location of the UID based on the angles of arrival, and (iii) activate at least one of an ignition system of a vehicle and a locking system of the vehicle based on the location of the UID.

A payload of a satellite to measure a positioning system of an earth-based transmitter of a target signal received by a main satellite. A direct receiver of the payload is configured to measure the target signal directly received from the earth-based transmitter. An indirect receiver of the payload is configured to measure the target signal retransmitted by the main satellite. A transmitter of the payload is configured to transmit, to an earth-based station of the positioning system, (i) a group of signals, referred to as homologous signals, measured by the direct receiver and the indirect receiver, and/or (ii) data determined based on the homologous signals. The homologous signals correspond to the target signal received from the earth-based transmitter and the main satellite, respectively. A positioning system and method are also provided herein.