A method using an array of ESM receivers comprises; a step of determining a first locus on the basis of a first measurement giving information on the angle difference of arrival of the emission beam on two receivers, the first locus including the points in space giving the same first measurement on the two receivers; a step of determining a second locus on the basis of a second measurement giving information on the direction of arrival on at least one receiver, the second locus including the points in space giving the same second measurement on the receiver; and a step of determining a third locus on which the position of the source is found, the third locus being the intersection of the first locus and of the second locus.

A device including an antenna and a control method thereof are provided. In the method, a base station receives, from at least one terminal, a reference signal transmitted through at least one beam based on beam sweeping. Also, the base station calculates an angle between the base station and the at least one terminal transmitting the reference signal by using the received reference signal for each beam, and computes an optimal antenna orientation of a base station antenna of the base station by using the calculated angle. Further, the base station adjusts an orientation of the base station antenna according to the optimal antenna orientation of the base station antenna.

An observation satellite is used for obtaining information about electromagnetic energy emitted from the earth. The observation satellite orbits the earth in an orbit having an inclination larger than 90? and smaller than 270?. Further, the observation satellite comprises at least one receiving antenna, the at least one receiving antenna having a receiving pattern directed towards the earth, and suitable for receiving electromagnetic energy in the radio frequency range as the observation satellite is orbiting relative to the surface of the earth. The observation satellite also comprises a transmitter configured for at least one of: (i) retransmitting the received electromagnetic energy, (ii) transmitting information representing the received electromagnetic energy, and (iii) transmitting information derived from the received electromagnetic energy. The invention also relates to systems and methods therefor.

An observation satellite is used for obtaining information about electromagnetic energy emitted from the earth. The observation satellite orbits the earth in an orbit having an inclination larger than 90? and smaller than 270?. Further, the observation satellite comprises at least one receiving antenna, the at least one receiving antenna having a receiving pattern directed towards the earth, and suitable for receiving electromagnetic energy in the radio frequency range as the observation satellite is orbiting relative to the surface of the earth. The observation satellite also comprises a transmitter configured for at least one of: (i) retransmitting the received electromagnetic energy, (ii) transmitting information representing the received electromagnetic energy, and (iii) transmitting information derived from the received electromagnetic energy. The invention also relates to systems and methods therefor.

A navigation system featuring audio prompts including: a database including a plurality of beacon identifiers corresponding to physical beacons that are members of quadrants including one or more beacons, the database including navigation instructions between beacons in a quadrant and between beacons and adjacent quadrants; a controller adapted to: provide a first beacon and a destination beacon, determine a route from the first beacon to the destination beacon in a destination quadrant, announce, via the speaker, navigation instructions from the first beacon to a first quadrant of the route, for each quadrant along the route: receive, a newly encountered beacon identifier; and announce navigation instructions for the user to navigate from the newly encountered beacon to the next quadrant in the ordered list, and upon receiving a beacon identifier of a detected beacon in the destination quadrant, announce navigation instructions to navigate from the detected beacon to the destination beacon.

A navigation system featuring audio prompts including: a database including a plurality of beacon identifiers corresponding to physical beacons that are members of quadrants including one or more beacons, the database including navigation instructions between beacons in a quadrant and between beacons and adjacent quadrants; a controller adapted to: provide a first beacon and a destination beacon, determine a route from the first beacon to the destination beacon in a destination quadrant, announce, via the speaker, navigation instructions from the first beacon to a first quadrant of the route, for each quadrant along the route: receive, a newly encountered beacon identifier; and announce navigation instructions for the user to navigate from the newly encountered beacon to the next quadrant in the ordered list, and upon receiving a beacon identifier of a detected beacon in the destination quadrant, announce navigation instructions to navigate from the detected beacon to the destination beacon.

Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for performing ranging operations between a first device and a second device. The first device may receive, from the second device, a fine timing measurement (FTM) request frame including a request to estimate angle information for a number of frames exchanged with the second device and indicating a level of accuracy for the estimated angle information. The first device may transmit a first FTM frame to the second device, may receive an acknowledgement (ACK) frame from the second device, and may transmit, to the second device, a second FTM frame including angle information of the first FTM frame and timing information of one or more of the exchanged frames.

Apparatuses and methods are disclosed for performing ranging operations between a first device and a second device. The first device may receive, from the second device, a fine timing measurement (FTM) request frame including a request to estimate angle information for a number of frames exchanged with the second device and indicating a level of accuracy for the estimated angle information. The first device may transmit a first FTM frame to the second device, may receive an acknowledgement (ACK) frame from the second device, and may transmit, to the second device, a second FTM frame including angle information of the first FTM frame and timing information of one or more of the exchanged frames.

A method for geolocating a receiver by measuring times of reception, by the receiver, of a plurality of geolocation signals originating from a plurality of emitters, the geolocation signals are emitted on multiple different wavelengths, at least one geolocation signal having a frequency less than 1 GHZ.

A method for geolocating a receiver by measuring times of reception, by the receiver, of a plurality of geolocation signals originating from a plurality of emitters, the geolocation signals are emitted on multiple different wavelengths, at least one geolocation signal having a frequency less than 1 GHZ.