An electromagnetic-wave-transmissive module of a vehicle radar is provided to minimize a dielectric impact reflection effect, which occurs when an electromagnetic wave radiated from an antenna is transmitted through a radome and a transmissive cover The electromagnetic-wave-transmissive module includes one or more of a radome covering the antenna and a transmissive cover, which is disposed to be spaced apart from a front side of the antenna and through which a radio wave radiated from the antenna and then transmitted through the radome is subsequently transmitted. At least one coating layer, which includes PTFE and which has a dielectric permittivity higher than the dielectric permittivity of air and lower than the dielectric permittivity of the radome and the transmissive cover, is formed on the surface of at least one of the radome and the transmissive cover.

Two-dimensional DOA estimation is challenging as the computational and hardware complexity could scale as the square as compared to that of one-dimensional problem. The proposed scheme relies on designing antenna locations and also involves a mix of subarray and digital beamforming to lower the overall system performance and cost by reducing the costly transceiver chains.

This framework proposes a two-step solution which first isolates a target to a given range doppler bin and elevation angle by linear receive subarray in the elevation direction. However, the elevation estimate is relatively coarse which is further refined along with a high-resolution estimate of azimuth angle. This is achieved by processing the received data from a 2D sparse antenna array, which are systematically chosen to maximize the resolution in both directions. The compressive sensing algorithm is applied to the 2D sparse received array data which exploits the sparse representation of the underlying signal support. The propose approach successfully pairs the correct elevation and azimuth angles for multiple targets. The methodology is effective for a case of single data snapshot and algorithm performance scale well with the availability of multiple data snapshots. It is noted that the proposed methodology allows to further increase the system resolution when data is processed with MIMO virtual array processing.

A vehicular forward-sensing system includes a radar sensor and a forward viewing image sensor disposed within a windshield electronics module that is removably installed within the vehicle cabin at the vehicle windshield. A control is responsive to an output of the radar sensor and responsive to an output of the image sensor. Responsive to the image sensor viewing an object present in the path of forward travel of the vehicle and responsive to the radar sensor sensing the object present in the path of forward travel of the vehicle, the control determines that the object is an object of interest by processing by an image processing chip of image data of the object captured by the image sensor at a portion of an image plane of the image sensor that is spatially related to a location of the object present in the path of forward travel of the vehicle.

A vehicular forward-sensing system includes a radar sensor and a forward viewing image sensor disposed within a windshield electronics module that is removably installed within the vehicle cabin at the vehicle windshield. A control is responsive to an output of the radar sensor and responsive to an output of the image sensor. Responsive to the image sensor viewing an object present in the path of forward travel of the vehicle and responsive to the radar sensor sensing the object present in the path of forward travel of the vehicle, the control determines that the object is an object of interest by processing by an image processing chip of image data of the object captured by the image sensor at a portion of an image plane of the image sensor that is spatially related to a location of the object present in the path of forward travel of the vehicle.

For example, an apparatus may include a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) including a Ball Grid Array (BGA) on a first side of the PCB, the BGA configured to connect a Surface Mounted Device (SMD) to the PCB; an antenna disposed on a second side of the PCB opposite to the first side, the antenna to communicate a Radio Frequency (RF) signal of the SMD; and an RF transition to transit the RF signal between the BGA and the antenna, the RF transition including a plurality of signal buried-vias; a first plurality of microvias configured to transit the RF signal between the plurality of signal buried-vias and a ball of the BGA, the first plurality of microvias are rotationally misaligned with respect to the plurality of signal buried-vias; and a second plurality of microvias configured to transit the RF signal between the plurality of signal buried-vias and the antenna.

A reception power supplying unit generates each of reception signals before and after a switching operation. A signal processing circuit generates each of difference signals before and after the switching operation on the basis of the reception signal and a reference signal. A phase difference detector calculates, as a transmission phase difference, the phase difference between transmission power supplying units on the basis of the respective difference signals, and adjusts a phase shift amount on the basis of the transmission phase difference and a set phase difference that is previously set.

The present disclosure relates to adjusting a suppression signal for suppressing a radio frequency (RF) interference signal in a received signal. A method includes generating an RF signal having a first frequency offset from an interference frequency; generating the suppression signal having a second frequency offset from the interference frequency; coupling the suppression signal into the received signal in order to generate a receiver input signal; mixing the receiver input signal with the RF signal in order to generate a mixer output signal; adjusting an amplitude of the suppression signal in order to align amplitudes of different components of the mixer output signal; coupling an adjusted suppression signal, having the interference frequency and the adjusted amplitude, into the received signal; and varying a phase of the adjusted suppression signal in order to reduce a frequency component of the mixer output signal that has the first frequency offset.

The present disclosure relates to adjusting a suppression signal for suppressing a radio frequency (RF) interference signal in a received signal. A method includes generating an RF signal having a first frequency offset from an interference frequency; generating the suppression signal having a second frequency offset from the interference frequency; coupling the suppression signal into the received signal in order to generate a receiver input signal; mixing the receiver input signal with the RF signal in order to generate a mixer output signal; adjusting an amplitude of the suppression signal in order to align amplitudes of different components of the mixer output signal; coupling an adjusted suppression signal, having the interference frequency and the adjusted amplitude, into the received signal; and varying a phase of the adjusted suppression signal in order to reduce a frequency component of the mixer output signal that has the first frequency offset.

An antenna array apparatus includes: first antenna elements arranged to form a first radiation pattern with a recessed portion at the center of the first radiation pattern; and second antenna elements arranged to form a second radiation pattern with a convex portion at the center of the second radiation pattern.

An antenna array apparatus includes: first antenna elements arranged to form a first radiation pattern with a recessed portion at the center of the first radiation pattern; and second antenna elements arranged to form a second radiation pattern with a convex portion at the center of the second radiation pattern.