A retrofit system applied to existing FMCW radars in order to convert them into pulsed linear frequency-modulated radars with the ability to dynamically switch between two pulsed modes and an FMCW mode based on the estimated range of a target. This retrofit also includes provisions for adaptively configuring chirp and sweep parameters to optimize range resolution. The result is a retrofit system capable of converting an FMCW radar into a dual pulsed mode radar with adaptive sweep configuration.

In some examples, a digital frequency locked loop (DFLL) device includes a phase frequency detector (PFD) configured to receive a reference clock signal and an indicator of a primary clock signal and to determine differences between periods of the reference clock signal and the indicator. The DFLL also includes a controller coupled to the PFD. The controller is configured to store digital signals indicating a first and a second of the differences determined by the PFD, determine a period error by subtracting the second difference from the first difference, and compare the period error to a programmed threshold. The DFLL also includes a digitally controlled oscillator (DCO) coupled to the controller, the DCO configured to provide the primary clock signal having a frequency adjusted based on the comparison.

A radar apparatus for estimating position of a plurality of obstacles. The radar apparatus includes a receive antenna unit. The receive antenna unit includes a linear array of antennas and an additional antenna at a predefined offset from at least one antenna in the linear array of antennas. The radar apparatus also includes a signal processing unit. The signal processing unit estimates an azimuth frequency associated with each obstacle of the plurality of obstacles from a signal received from the plurality of obstacles at the linear array of antennas. In addition, the signal processing unit estimates an azimuth angle and an elevation angle associated with each obstacle from the estimated azimuth frequency associated with each obstacle.

In a measuring device 50, a microwave receiving unit 52 is disposed behind a microwave transmitting unit 51 with respect to a powder object 2, and the microwave transmitting unit 51 and the microwave receiving unit 52 are each enclosed by a waveguide box. A waveguide box 6 for the transmitting unit is smaller than a waveguide box 8 for the receiving unit, and is enclosed by the waveguide box 8 for the receiving unit. An opening portion 7 of the waveguide box 6 and an opening portion 9 of the waveguide box 8 are mounted on a flat window material 5, and are aligned. The window material 5 is in contact with the powder object 2. Microwaves 3 transmitted from the microwave transmitting unit 51 are reflected by the powder object 2, are received, as scattered microwaves 4, by the microwave receiving unit 52, and are measured.

A radar apparatus includes transmitting means, receiving means, target detection means, and a cover member. The cover member is positioned opposite at least one of the transmitting means and the receiving means, such as to cover at least one of the transmitting means and the receiving means. The cover member is provided with a first face which is positioned opposite at least one of the transmitting means and the receiving means, and a second face which is on an opposite side from the first face and is not parallel to the first face.

A radar device for a vehicle is provided, comprising a housing with a first housing part and a second housing part (2). The housing parts are connected to each other and form the boundaries of a closed recording space. The radar device also includes a circuit carrier accommodated within the recording space. The circuit carrier features at least one transmission antenna device for the transmission of radar beams, at least one receiving antenna device for receiving radar beams, and features high-frequency electronic circuit devices and low-frequency electronic circuit devices. At least one of the first of the two housing parts is a two-component plastic injection-molded parts, and one of the first of the two components has at least a three times higher thermal conductivity than a second one of the two components.

A radar level gauge system, comprising a transceiver; an antenna; a feed-through connecting the transceiver and the antenna; and processing circuitry coupled to the transceiver. The feed-through comprises a first waveguide section comprising a dielectric plug sealingly arranged in a cylindrical first hollow conductor section having a diameter selected for single mode propagation; a second waveguide section arranged between the transceiver and the first waveguide section and comprising a cylindrical second hollow conductor section having a second diameter selected for single mode propagation, a third waveguide section arranged between the antenna and the first waveguide section comprising a cylindrical third hollow conductor section having a third diameter selected for single mode propagation; a first impedance matching waveguide section arranged between the first waveguide section and the second waveguide section, and a second impedance matching waveguide section arranged between the first waveguide section and the third waveguide section.

A radar level gauge system, for determining a filling level of a product in a tank. The radar level gauge system includes a transmission line probe arranged inside the tank; a tank feed-through for mechanically attaching the transmission line probe to a tank wall of the tank through a non-conductive mechanical connection between the transmission line probe and the tank wall, and for providing a conductive electrical connection to the transmission line probe from outside the tank; and a measurement electronics unit arranged outside the tank. The measurement electronics unit includes: a transceiver; an electrical filter circuit having an input coupled to the transceiver and an output coupled to the transmission line probe via the tank feed-through, the electrical filter circuit exhibiting a series capacitance for non-conductively coupling the transceiver to the transmission line probe via the tank feed-through; and processing circuitry for determining the filling level.

A universal transmit-receive (UTR) module for phased array systems comprises an antenna element shared for both transmitting and receiving; a transmit path that includes a transmit-path phase shifter, a driver, a switch-mode power amplifier (SMPA) that is configured to be driven by the driver, and a dynamic power supply (DPS) that generates and supplies a DPS voltage to the power supply port of the SMPA; and a receive path that includes a TX/RX switch that determines whether the receive path is electrically connected to or electrically isolated from the antenna element, a bandpass filter (BPF) that aligns with the intended receive frequency and serves to suppress reflected transmit signals and reverse signals, an adjustable-gain low-noise amplifier (LNA), and a receive-path phase shifter. The UTR module is specially designed for operation in phased array systems. The versatility and wideband agility of the UTR module allows a single phased array system to be designed that can be used for multiple purposes, such as, for example, both radar and communications applications.

A radio wave reflection reducing sheet provided with a laminate having a first primary surface and a second primary surface is disclosed. The laminate has: a first resin foam layer having a thickness from 0.05 to 3.00 mm and a density from 0.10 to 0.85 g/cm.sup.3, and a second resin foam layer having a thickness from 0.05 to 3.00 mm and a density from 0.20 to 0.90 g/cm.sup.3. The density of the second resin foam layer is greater than the density of the first resin foam layer. The first resin foam layer and the second resin foam layer are disposed in this order from the first primary surface side.