The present disclosure discloses a method for inverting aerosol components using a LiDAR ratio and a depolarization ratio, including: S1. identifying sand dust, a spherical aerosol and a mixture of the sand dust and the spherical aerosol based on a depolarization ratio; S2. calculating a proportion of the sand dust in the mixture of the sand dust and the spherical aerosol; and S3. identifying soot and a water-soluble aerosol in the spherical aerosol based on a LiDAR ratio. In the present disclosure, only a wavelength with a polarization channel is needed, to identify the aerosol components, achieving high accuracy with low detection costs.

Multiple LIDAR output signals are generated and are concurrently directed to the same sample region in a field of view. The LIDAR output signals have one or more optical diversities selected from a group consisting of wavelength diversity, polarization diversity, and diversity of an angle of incidence of the LIDAR output signal relative to the sample region.

Multiple LIDAR output signals are generated and are concurrently directed to the same sample region in a field of view. The LIDAR output signals have one or more optical diversities selected from a group consisting of wavelength diversity, polarization diversity, and diversity of an angle of incidence of the LIDAR output signal relative to the sample region.

The LIDAR system includes a polarization component configured such that a first light signal traveling through the polarization component along an optical pathway has its polarization angle changed from a first polarization angle to a second polarization angle. The polarization angle is also configured such that a second light signal traveling the optical pathway in a direction that is the reverse of the direction traveled by the first light signal both enters and exits the polarization component in the second polarization angle. The LIDAR system is configured to output a LIDAR output signal that includes light from the first light signal. The LIDAR system is also configured to receive a LIDAR return signal that includes light from the LIDAR output signal after the LIDAR output signal was reflected by an object located outside of the LIDAR assembly.

The LIDAR system includes a polarization component configured such that a first light signal traveling through the polarization component along an optical pathway has its polarization angle changed from a first polarization angle to a second polarization angle. The polarization angle is also configured such that a second light signal traveling the optical pathway in a direction that is the reverse of the direction traveled by the first light signal both enters and exits the polarization component in the second polarization angle. The LIDAR system is configured to output a LIDAR output signal that includes light from the first light signal. The LIDAR system is also configured to receive a LIDAR return signal that includes light from the LIDAR output signal after the LIDAR output signal was reflected by an object located outside of the LIDAR assembly.

A reflector arrangement having at least one retroreflector and at least one sensor arrangement arranged downstream of the retroreflector in relation to a beam incidence direction, having a sensor. The sensor arrangement comprises a code element—having a code pattern, and the retroreflector, the code element—and the sensor are arranged in such a way that the code element—is arranged between the retroreflector and the sensor and an angle-dependent position with respect to the optical axis of a projection of the code pattern onto the detection surface can be determined by means of the sensor.

A reflector arrangement having at least one retroreflector and at least one sensor arrangement arranged downstream of the retroreflector in relation to a beam incidence direction, having a sensor. The sensor arrangement comprises a code element—having a code pattern, and the retroreflector, the code element—and the sensor are arranged in such a way that the code element—is arranged between the retroreflector and the sensor and an angle-dependent position with respect to the optical axis of a projection of the code pattern onto the detection surface can be determined by means of the sensor.

Provided is a light detection and ranging (LiDAR)-based inspection device including an ultrafast pulse source configured to generate a first ultrafast pulse and a second ultrafast pulse each having a pulse width ranging from 1 fs to 100 fs, a stage configured to generate a gating signal by adjusting a distance of flight of the first ultrafast pulse, a dispersing device configured to generate a chirp signal, based on the second ultrafast pulse reflected from a specimen, the chirp signal including a plurality of pulses having different wavelengths, a nonlinear optical generator configured to generate a nonlinear optical signal based on the chirp signal and the gating signal, and a detector configured to detect the nonlinear optical signal, wherein the gating signal temporally overlaps with some of the plurality of pulses included in the chirp signal in the nonlinear optical generator.

A signal delay component may be configured to receive a LiDAR output signal including an analog waveform from a LiDAR system, and provide a time-delayed LiDAR output signal including a time-delayed analog waveform. A differential comparator may be configured to receive the LiDAR output signal including the analog waveform and the time-delayed LiDAR output signal including the time-delayed analog waveform, and to provide a digital output signal. A processor may be configured to generate LiDAR data including a distance associated with the LiDAR output signal and an amplitude associated with the LiDAR output signal, the distance being based on a first time associated with a rising edge of the digital output signal, and the amplitude being based on a time difference between the first time associated with the rising edge of the digital output signal and a second time associated with a falling edge of the digital output signal.

A method and system for simultaneously measuring multiple DOF GEs by a laser. The system comprises a measuring unit and a target mirror unit; the measuring unit comprises a laser emitting module, a polarizing beam splitter, a fixed reflector, a first λ/4 wave plate, a second λ/4 wave plate, a first polarizer, a first photodetector, an interference length measuring module and a 2D angle measuring module. The target mirror unit comprises a beam splitter and a reflector. The laser emitting module generates an emitting light L1. The polarizing beam splitter is used for (1) beam splitting, (2) beam combining, and (3) beam separating. The fixed reflector is used for reflecting backward the reference light L12 propagating only inside the measuring unit to return the reference light L12 to the polarizing beam splitter. The present invention can realize a simultaneous and rapid measurement of 5/6DOF GEs of a space object moving linearly along a linear axis; and a relative drift of position and attitude of two objects with 5/6DOF in a space can be longtime monitored.