An optical apparatus includes a deflection unit configured to deflect illumination light from a light source and to deflect reflected light from the object, and a light guide unit configured to guide the illumination light to the deflection unit and to guide the reflected light from the deflection unit to a light receiving unit. The light guide unit includes first and second passage areas, and a reflective area. The illumination light is branched into first and second illumination lights by the light guide unit. The first illumination light is emitted from the first passage area and the second illumination light is emitted from the second passage area so that an emission direction of the first illumination light and that of the second illumination light are not parallel to each other, and then the first illumination light and the second illumination light enter the deflection unit.

A laser interferometer that includes a light source configured to emit laser light, an optical divider configured to divide the laser light into a first optical path and a second optical path, an optical modulator being provided on the first optical path or the second optical path, including an oscillator that oscillates when a current is applied, and being configured to modulate the laser light by using the oscillator, a photoreceptor configured to receive the laser light and output a photoreception signal, the laser light being reflected by an object to be measured that is provided on the first optical path or the second optical path, and a demodulation circuit configured to demodulate, from the photoreception signal, a Doppler signal derived from the object to be measured, based on a reference signal and a modulation signal derived from the optical modulator, wherein Iq/f≤1×10.sup.−7 is satisfied, where an amplitude value of the current applied to the oscillator that is oscillating is Iq [A] and an oscillation frequency of the oscillator is f [Hz].

An optical assembly for a laser projection and return laser light detection device comprises a housing; a first series of components arranged in the housing to define an exit path for laser radiation entering from a laser source and then exiting from the housing; a second series of components arranged in the housing to define a return path for scattered returns of the laser radiation entering the housing and passing to a detector; a polarising beam splitter/combiner common to the exit path and the return path arranged to polarise laser light exiting from the housing and to separate scattered laser light returned to the assembly, that is orthogonally polarised to the exiting laser radiation. The polarising beam splitter/combiner forms a window to the housing.

An optical system, in particular a LiDAR system, is provided, including at least one optical transmitter and at least one optical detector as well as a data processing unit. The optical transmitter is configured to emit a scanning light beam into the surroundings to scan same for surroundings objects. The optical detector is configured to receive a reflected light beam from the surroundings. The optical system is configured to a) detect and differentiate reflected light beams in at least two wavelength ranges and/or b) detect and differentiate reflected light beams having at least two polarization directions. The optical system is configured with the aid of the data processing unit to determine the surface properties of the scanned surroundings objects from the differences between the reflected light beams and the emitted scanning light beams.

An optical system, in particular a LiDAR system, is provided, including at least one optical transmitter and at least one optical detector as well as a data processing unit. The optical transmitter is configured to emit a scanning light beam into the surroundings to scan same for surroundings objects. The optical detector is configured to receive a reflected light beam from the surroundings. The optical system is configured to a) detect and differentiate reflected light beams in at least two wavelength ranges and/or b) detect and differentiate reflected light beams having at least two polarization directions. The optical system is configured with the aid of the data processing unit to determine the surface properties of the scanned surroundings objects from the differences between the reflected light beams and the emitted scanning light beams.

Systems and methods in a vehicle involve transmitting light with an initial polarization from a lidar system, and controlling an external compensator, external to the lidar system, or an internal compensator within the lidar system to change the initial polarization of the light to a new polarization of the light. The method also includes receiving reflected light resulting from reflection of the light from one or more objects, and obtaining information about the one or more objects based on the reflected light.

An automotive LiDAR glazing with at least one glass sheet having an absorption coefficient lower than 5 m.sup.−1 in the wavelength range from 750 to 1650 nm and having an external face and an internal face. An infrared-based remote sensing device emitting and/or receiving p-polarized laser signal in the wavelength range from 750 to 1650 nm is placed on the internal face of the glass sheet.

A light detection and ranging system is provided having an interlaced angular dispersion by providing a photonic integrated circuit having a plurality of light paths having a non-uniform next-neighbor distance and emitting light of different wavelengths through the light paths.

A photonic integrated circuit is provided having a plurality of light paths each configured to branch light received from at least one light receiving input to a first light path section and a second light path section, to turn the polarization of at least a portion of the light received at the receiving input into light of a first linear polarization and light of a second linear polarization that is orthogonal to the first polarization; wherein the first light path section is configured to emit light of the first linear polarization to the outside; wherein the second light path section is configured to determine an interference signal using the light having the second linear polarization of the first light path and light having the second received from the outside.

A photonic integrated circuit is provided having a plurality of light paths each configured to branch light received from at least one light receiving input to a first light path section and a second light path section, to turn the polarization of at least a portion of the light received at the receiving input into light of a first linear polarization and light of a second linear polarization that is orthogonal to the first polarization; wherein the first light path section is configured to emit light of the first linear polarization to the outside; wherein the second light path section is configured to determine an interference signal using the light having the second linear polarization of the first light path and light having the second received from the outside.