Machine learning algorithms can interpret three-dimensional sonar data to provide more precise and accurate determination of seafloor depths and in-water target detection and classification. The models apply architectures for interpreting volumetric data to three-dimensional forward-looking sonar data. A baseline set of training data is generated using traditional image and signal processing techniques, and used to train and evaluate a machine learning model, which is further improved by additional inputs to improve both seafloor and in-water target detection.

A sensor has a plurality of transmitting antennas and a plurality of receiving antennas. The plurality of transmitting antennas each transmit millimeter wave signals. An object or body part's interaction with and reflection of millimeter wave signals are determined by the signals received by the receiving antennas. Signals having different frequencies are used to provide resolution and positioning of an object or body part in the space proximate to and/or relative to the sensor. Interpretation of millimeter wave radio signals reflected by objects in the environment, by the sensor, can then be used to generate outputs to devices.

A marine multibeam sonar device comprises a processing element and a transmitter. The processing element generates a plurality of transmit transducer electronic signals and inverts a polarity of a first portion of the transmit transducer electronic signals. The transmitter is in communication with the processing element and includes a plurality of transmit electronic circuits and a plurality of transmit transducers. Each transmit electronic circuit receives and processes one of the transmit transducer electronic signals, wherein a first portion of the circuits re-inverts the polarity of the first portion of the transmit transducer electronic signals. The transmit transducers receive the processed transmit transducer electronic signals from the transmit electronic circuits and generate a sonar beam.

A survey system including a multibeam echo sounder and a beam selector for selecting beams with the largest amplitudes.

An echo measuring apparatus has: a transmission signal forming unit for forming a transmission signal by a pseudo noise sequence signal; a transmitting unit for transmitting the transmission signal as an ultrasonic wave into the water; a receiving unit for receiving an echo of the ultrasonic wave; and a correlator for discriminating the echo corresponding to the transmission signal by executing a correlating process to the echo by the pseudo noise sequence signal and measuring a distance to a measurement target on the basis of a time difference between the transmission signal and the echo, wherein assuming that a velocity of a sound wave in the water is equal to Vu and the distance to the measurement target is equal to D, a period of the transmission signal includes a case where it is equal to or less than (2D/Vu).

Improved two-dimensional planar array transducer and beamformer apparatus and methods. In one embodiment, the two-dimensional planar array transducer is capable of simultaneously or sequentially forming multiple acoustic beams in two axes and at two or more widely separated acoustic frequencies from a single flat planar array transducer. The transducer planar array consists of two or more electrically and acoustically independent two dimensional planar transducer array structures operating at different frequencies that are physically integrated onto a single multi frequency configuration. In an exemplary embodiment, a second higher frequency transducer array is positioned within the aperture area of a lower frequency planar array transducer. Methods of using the aforementioned two-dimensional planar array transducer and beamformer are also disclosed.

Provided are a low-power ultrasound sensor that detects whether an object exists at a high speed, an object detecting method of the ultrasound sensor, and a computer-readable storage medium. The ultrasound sensor may include: a transmitter that outputs a plurality of first ultrasound beams having different frequencies; a receiver that receives a first reflection signal that is output when the output plurality of first ultrasound beams are reflected from an object; and a controller that determines a first area in a space, controls the transmitter to respectively output the plurality of first ultrasound beams to a plurality of first sub-areas that are included in the first area, and determines whether the object is included in each of the plurality of first sub-areas, based on the first reflection signal.

A sonar-integrated IoT device, the IoT device including one or more sonar sensor modules (101), corresponding to information acquisition in different spatial directions; the IoT device is in communication connection with an external signal processing unit through a wireless network, and sends unprocessed or preliminarily processed spatial information to the signal processing unit. The advantages of the invention include: simple and flexible arrangement of sonar sensor module (101) nodes, which are integrated with wireless IoT devices such that spatial information may be acquired locally; and at the same time, ease of implementation of large interval arrangement and large quantity arrangement of sonar sensor modules (101), covering a variety of spatial locations, thereby providing wide coverage of spatial detection range, and acquisition of abundant signal samples, such that better spatial information extraction algorithms may be implemented in the signal processing unit.

A sampled analog beamformer for ultrasound beamforming includes an array of transducers for transmitting analog signals and receiving reflected analog signals, and a sampled analog filter for filtering the received reflected analog. The sampled analog filter includes a delay line for adding a delay to each of the received reflected analog signals. Using a sampled analog filter in an ultrasound beamforming system reduces the power usage of the system and decreases the number of components in the system.

Sonar devices for detecting underwater objects are provided whereby a set of angled ultrasound transducers are employed to sense ultrasound signals from a plurality of different spatial regions. The angled ultrasound transducers may include a first pair of side-viewing ultrasound transducers and a second pair of ultrasound transducers configured for interrogating forward and reverse directions. The ultrasound signals from the set of angled ultrasound transducers may be processed to identify the presence of underwater objects in each spatial region, and the resulting identified underwater objects may be displayed, on a per-region basis, on a user interface. The ultrasound signals may additionally or alternatively be processed to generate a topographical model of the bed surface, and to generate a topographical surface image based on the three-dimensional topographical model. The topographical surface image may be displayed as a fly-over animation.