A neutrino detector device (100) for detecting neutrinos comprises at least one target detector (10) including a target crystal (11) for creating phonons in response to an interaction of neutrinos to be detected with the target crystal (11) and a target temperature sensor (12) for sensing a temperature change in response to an absorption of phonons created in the target crystal (11), an inner veto detector (20) comprising at least one inner veto component (21) with an inner veto temperature sensor (23), wherein the at least one inner veto component (21) is adapted for supporting the at least one target detector (10) and for an anticoincidence based discrimination of alpha and beta background interaction events by creating phonons in response to the background interaction events and sensing a temperature change in response to an absorption of the phonons with the inner veto temperature sensor (23), and an outer veto detector (30) for accommodating the inner veto detector (20), wherein the outer veto detector (30) comprises at least one outer veto component (31) creating phonons in response to an interaction with gamma and neutron background and having an outer veto temperature sensor (33) for sensing a temperature change in response to an absorption of phonons created in the at least one outer veto component (31), wherein the neutrino detector device (100) is configured for an operation at cryogenic temperatures, a crystal volume of the target crystal (11) and a size of the target temperature sensor (12) of the at least one target detector (10) are selected such that an over-ground sensitivity threshold of the at least one target detector (10) is below 180 eV, and the at least one inner veto component (21, 26) surrounds the at least one target detector (10), so that the at least one target detector (10) is arranged within the inner veto detector (20). Furthermore, a neutrino detector system including the neutrino detector device and methods of detecting neutrinos are described, wherein the neutrino detector device (100) is used.

A method is for analyzing, using a detector of alpha particles, a sample comprising at least one radionuclide emitter of a plurality of alpha particles. The detector comprises a detection medium and a plurality of measurement cells suitable for measuring at least one incident signal generated by an interaction of the alpha particle with said detection medium. The detector is designed to provide an autoradiographic image of said sample. The method comprises a step for determining (E1) an initial energy of each alpha particle. The step comprises repeating three sub-steps: determining (D1) a position of a first interaction of an alpha particle with the detection medium, determining (D2) an energy deposited by the particle in the interior of the detector and determining (D3) the initial energy of the alpha particle. The method then comprises constructing an energy spectrum for one zone of the autoradiographic image.

The invention relates to a material represented by the following formula (I)

(M).sub.8(MM).sub.6O.sub.24(X, X).sub.2:M

formula (I).
Further, the invention relates to a luminescent material, and to different medical imaging and diagnostic methods of using the material. Also disclosed is a method of securely identifying an item using the material.

A capsule composition comprising: (a) a polyester shell having a thickness of no more than 20 microns, and (b) a solution containing a visual and/or olfactory indicator, wherein the solution is encapsulated by the polyester shell. Also described herein is a method for detecting alpha particle radiation, in which: (i) the capsule composition is placed in contact with an esterase in a location where the presence of alpha particle radiation is being determined; (ii) waiting a period of time for the esterase to degrade the polyester shells, wherein the period of time is insufficient for the esterase to cause leakage of the solution in the absence of alpha particle radiation but is sufficient for alpha particle radiation, if present, to cause leakage from the capsule composition; and (iii) observing whether leakage has occurred at the end of the period of time to determine whether alpha particle radiation is present.

A radiation imaging system includes a radiation-emitting device and a radiation imaging device. The radiation imaging device has an electrical insulation layer having a top surface and a bottom surface, a top electrode on the top surface of the electrical insulation layer, an array of pixel units electrically coupled to the electrical insulation layer, and an array of transistors connected to the array of pixel units.

The invention relates to a material represented by the following formula (I)
(M).sub.8(MM).sub.6O.sub.24(X,X).sub.2:Mformula (I). Further, the invention relates to a luminescent material, to different uses, and to a device.

A radiation imaging apparatus that has a detection unit that detects radiation and outputs image data determines whether or not a grid for scattered ray reduction is installed on the detection unit, and changes a radiation detection range of the detection unit based on the determination result.

A material represented by the following formula (I)

(M).sub.8M.sub.6M.sub.6O.sub.24(X,S).sub.2:Mformula (I).

Also disclosed is an ultraviolet radiation sensing material, an X-radiation sensing material, a device and a method for determining the intensity of ultraviolet radiation.

Epoxy-based inline infrared (IR) filter assembly, and manufacture and use of the same. Co-axial infrared filter assemblies comprise a substantially cylindrical filter body forming a central cavity characterized by opposing holes at each end. The filter body forms an outer conductor, and SMA connectors coupled to the opposing holes at each end of the body are electrically coupled to form an inner conductor positioned along a long axis of the filter body. An infrared absorbing material (such as castable epoxy resin) fills the central cavity of the filter body. Methods for producing the co-axial infrared filter include pressing SMA connectors into the respective ends of the filter body, electrically coupling the SMA connectors, and filling the filter body with epoxy. Electronic systems for operating a dark matter detector include a feedline comprising a coaxial filter configured to advantageously block infrared noise.

A radiation analysis system comprising a target comprising two marks which are separated from each other, the target being configured to undergo thermal expansion when illuminated with radiation; a position measurement system configured to measure a change in the separation of the marks; and a processor configured to determine a power of the radiation using the measured change in separation of the marks.