Systems and methods are disclosed. The methods include imbedding a Near Field Communication (NFC) tag in an imaging plate (IP), equipping a scanner with an NFC reader, scanning the IP with the NFC reader, updating information on the NFC tag with the NFC reader, and determining if a lifecycle threshold of the IP has been exceeded. The methods further include retiring the IP from when the lifecycle threshold of the IP is exceeded.

A radiation detection device, a system, a method, or a computer program product are used in timestamping detected radiation quanta. The device includes an optical detector pixel array, a timestamp trigger unit and a timing unit. The timestamp trigger unit determines a pixel cell triggering rate for pixel cells within the optical detector pixel array. The timestamp trigger unit causes the timing unit to generate a timestamp based on the pixel cell triggering rate.

A device for sensing, locating, and characterizing a radiation emitting source, including: a detection crystal having dimensions great enough such that regional differences in radiation response are generated in the detection crystal by radiation impinging on one or more surfaces of the detection crystal; and a plurality of detectors one or more of coupled to and disposed on a plurality of surfaces of the detection crystal operable for detecting the regional differences in radiation response generated in the detection crystal by the radiation impinging on the one or more surfaces of the detection crystal.

A solid state device and method are described for detecting and using neutrinos. In elementary particle physics there are only three stable particles: the proton, electron and neutrino. The proton and electron have a charge q and are easy to detect, but neutrinos have no charge but a magnetic moment (spin ) and does not strongly interact with matter at room temperature (295 Kelvin). This neutrino detector consists of a semiconducting substrate, with magnetic atoms at the lattice sites. An important feature of this disclosure is that it functions at cryogenic temperatures (0 to 78 K) using the Kondo effect which forms hybrid localized milli-eV band (about 20-4010.sup.3 eV) at the magnetic sits in the semiconductor band gap or conduction band. The neutrinos passing the detector and absorbed at these sites change the resistance of the neutrino detector. In a second embodiment a superconductor is used. The preferred material is a high temperature superconductor (<77 K) such as YBa.sub.2Cu.sub.3O.sub.7-x. The neutrinos dissociate the Cooper pair (electrons) and change the resistance that is measured as in the first embodiment.

An apparatus for detecting the presence of a nuclear reactor by the detection of antineutrinos from the reactor can include a radioactive sample having a measurable nuclear activity level and a decay rate capable of changing in response to the presence of antineutrinos, and a detector associated with the radioactive sample. The detector is responsive to at least one of a particle or radiation formed by decay of the radioactive sample. A processor associated with the detector can correlate rate of decay of the radioactive sample to a flux of the antineutrinos to detect the reactor.

Disclosed is a three-dimensional radiation detection and visualization system. The three-dimensional radiation detection and visualization system includes a first sensing module including one radiation sensor, a second sensing module including one image sensor, a first supporting body in which the first sensing module and the second sensing module are coupled to one side and the other side thereof to be vertically rotated, and a second supporting body coupled with the first supporting body so that the first supporting body is vertically rotated.

A colorimetric radiation detector and a method for detecting radiation is disclosed. The colorimetric radiation detector also includes a metal oxyhalide that reaches an excited state on exposure to x-ray or ultraviolet radiation. The detector also includes a dye or where the metal oxyhalide is a bismuth oxyhalide, such as a bismuth oxychloride. The dye may include a redox reactive dye. The redox reactive dye may include Rhodamine B. The dye undergoes a permanent color change by reacting with the metal oxyhalide when the metal oxyhalide is exposed to x-ray or ultraviolet radiation. The dye may include a fluorescent dye, such as a fluorescein dye, such as 6-carboxy fluorescein or 5-carboxy fluorescein. The solvent may include a Lewis base solvent. The Lewis base solvent may include water or an alcohol. A method for evaluating a photoprotective topical lotion is also disclosed.

A thermally coupled imager includes a single photon detection pixel electrically isolated but in thermal communication with a thermal readout bus via a thermally conductive galvanic isolator, wherein the single photon detection pixel receives a single photon and produces thermal energy that is communicated to the thermal readout bus. A position and time of arrival of the single photon received by the single photon detection pixel is determined from voltage pulses produced by the thermal readout bus in response to receiving the thermal energy from the single photon detection pixel.

Epoxy-based inline infrared (IR) filter assembly, and manufacture and use of the same. Co-axial infrared filter assemblies comprise a substantially cylindrical filter body forming a central cavity characterized by opposing holes at each end. The filter body forms an outer conductor, and SMA connectors coupled to the opposing holes at each end of the body are electrically coupled to form an inner conductor positioned along a long axis of the filter body. An infrared absorbing material (such as castable epoxy resin) fills the central cavity of the filter body. Methods for producing the co-axial infrared filter include pressing SMA connectors into the respective ends of the filter body, electrically coupling the SMA connectors, and filling the filter body with epoxy. Electronic systems for operating a dark matter detector include a feedline comprising a coaxial filter configured to advantageously block infrared noise.

An X-ray detector including a substrate having opposite first and second faces, at least a first temperature sensor on the side of the first or second face, and at least one stack including of a copper oxide layer and a copper layer. The copper oxide layer is located between the copper layer and the substrate. The stack covers at least partially the first temperature sensor or is at least partially opposite the first temperature sensor.