A large-area directional radiation detection system may include a large number of slab-shaped detectors stacked side-by-side comprising alternate long and short detectors, where the long detectors are longitudinally longer than the short detectors. The long detectors may collimate or restrict the lateral field of view of the short detectors, so that a particular short detector that is aligned with the source has an unobstructed view of the source. By comparing detection distributions in the long and short detectors, a processor can determine the angular position and distance of a source. The high detection efficiency and large solid angle of the detector array may enable rapid detection of even well-shielded threat sources at substantial distances, while simultaneously determining the positions of any sources detected.

Radiation detectors and methods of using the radiation detectors that provide a route for surface decontamination during use are described. The detectors utilize light illumination of an internal surface during use. Light is in the longer UV-to-near-infrared spectra and desorbs contamination from internal surfaces of radiation detectors. The methods can be carried out while the detectors are in operation, preventing the appearance of the negative effects of radioactive and non-radioactive contamination during a detection regime and following a detection regime.

An indoor radon prediction system and method for radon reduction is disclosed, the system including: a soil environment measurement module installed in soil surrounding a specific indoor space, and measuring environmental information data of temperature and humidity for the soil surrounding the corresponding specific indoor space; an indoor environment measurement module installed in the specific indoor space and measuring environmental information data of temperature and humidity for the corresponding specific indoor space; an indoor radon measurement module installed in a specific indoor space and measuring radon concentration data of the corresponding specific indoor space; a Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) weather station management server constructing a database (DB) of big data information for surrounding weather conditions of the specific indoor space, thereby storing and managing the DB; and an indoor radon prediction management server.

A method for searching for and detecting gamma radiation sources in conditions of nonuniform radioactive contamination is provided. Stages in which a source of maximally active radiation is determined, the radiation power is measured with a collimated detector and at the same time the distance to the source is determined with the aid of a laser detector rangefinder. Readings of the laser rangefinder and the value of a dose rate are established by the detector are recorded. The dose rate of the radiation of the actual source is calculated, after which, to verify the distance measured to the radiation source, the aiming axis of the rangefinder is moved for a distance horizontally. The measurement is repeated and the distance recorded. The results of successive measurements of the distance are compared. If there is a divergence in the measurements within the laser rangefinder error limits, the information is acknowledged as reliable.

A method for searching for and detecting gamma radiation sources in conditions of nonuniform radioactive contamination is provided. Stages in which a source of maximally active radiation is determined, the radiation power is measured with a collimated detector and at the same time the distance to the source is determined with the aid of a laser detector rangefinder. Readings of the laser rangefinder and the value of a dose rate are established by the detector are recorded. The dose rate of the radiation of the actual source is calculated, after which, to verify the distance measured to the radiation source, the aiming axis of the rangefinder is moved for a distance horizontally. The measurement is repeated and the distance recorded. The results of successive measurements of the distance are compared. If there is a divergence in the measurements within the laser rangefinder error limits, the information is acknowledged as reliable.

A radiological evaluation device and a method of constructing a radiological evaluation device include a first high-Z material. A first test pattern is constructed by extruding a first high-Z material according to a first test pattern design file. The first high-Z material is combined with a second material to construct the first test pattern. The first high-Z material is radiologically distinct from the second material. A phantom body is constructed. The first test pattern is secured to the phantom body.

A system for surveying a surface (2) to measure a physical or chemical property associated with the surface. The system includes a handheld probe (4) measuring a physical or chemical property at locations over a surface (2). The video camera (12) captures video data of a user (6) using the handheld probe (4) to survey the surface. The depth sensing device (14) measures the distance to the handheld probe (4). Processing circuitry identifies the handheld probe from the video data and determines the position of the handheld probe (4) relative to the surface (2). A data recorder and/or a data transmitter records and/or transmits data representative of the physical or chemical property measured by the handheld probe (4) and data representative of the associated position of the handheld probe, when the handheld probe (4) is determined to be less than a threshold distance from the surface (2) being surveyed.

A system for surveying a surface (2) to measure a physical or chemical property associated with the surface. The system includes a handheld probe (4) measuring a physical or chemical property at locations over a surface (2). The video camera (12) captures video data of a user (6) using the handheld probe (4) to survey the surface. The depth sensing device (14) measures the distance to the handheld probe (4). Processing circuitry identifies the handheld probe from the video data and determines the position of the handheld probe (4) relative to the surface (2). A data recorder and/or a data transmitter records and/or transmits data representative of the physical or chemical property measured by the handheld probe (4) and data representative of the associated position of the handheld probe, when the handheld probe (4) is determined to be less than a threshold distance from the surface (2) being surveyed.

The present disclosure describes methods for calibrating a spectral X-ray system to perform material decomposition with a single scan of an energy discriminating detector or with a single scan at each used X-ray spectrum. The methods may include material pathlengths exceeding the size of the volume reconstructable by the system. Example embodiments include physical and matching calibration phantoms. The physical calibration phantom is used to measure the attenuation of X-rays passing therethrough with all combinations of pathlengths through the calibration's basis materials. The matching digital calibration phantom is registered with the physical calibration phantom and is used to calculate the pathlength though each material for each measured attenuation value. A created data structure includes the X-ray attenuation for each X-ray spectrum or detector energy bin for all combinations of basis material pathlengths. The data structure is usable to perform a material decomposition on the X-ray projection of an imaged object.

The present disclosure describes methods for calibrating a spectral X-ray system to perform material decomposition with a single scan of an energy discriminating detector or with a single scan at each used X-ray spectrum. The methods may include material pathlengths exceeding the size of the volume reconstructable by the system. Example embodiments include physical and matching calibration phantoms. The physical calibration phantom is used to measure the attenuation of X-rays passing therethrough with all combinations of pathlengths through the calibration's basis materials. The matching digital calibration phantom is registered with the physical calibration phantom and is used to calculate the pathlength though each material for each measured attenuation value. A created data structure includes the X-ray attenuation for each X-ray spectrum or detector energy bin for all combinations of basis material pathlengths. The data structure is usable to perform a material decomposition on the X-ray projection of an imaged object.