A device for measuring the emission angle of a particle beam. The device includes a shell, a data acquisition board, a data collector, a data processor and a data synchronization display. The shell is hollow tubular. The data acquisition board is fixed to the front end of the shell. The data collector and the data processor are fixed together and fixed to the back end of the shell. The data collected by the data acquisition board is transmitted to the data collector through the data line collector, and the data processor transmits the processed data to the data synchronization display. The ion accelerator to be measured is located in front of the data acquisition board, and the particles emitted by the ion accelerator bombard the front of the data acquisition board. The data acquisition board comprises an insulating ring, an array insulating board and a pressure sensor.

A scintillator system is disclosed for detecting incoming radiation. The system makes use of a scintillator structure having first and second dissimilar materials. The first dissimilar material emits a first color of light and the second dissimilar material emits a second color of light different from the first color of light. Either one, or both, of the first or second colors of light are emitted in response to receipt of the incoming radiation. A plurality of light detectors is disposed in proximity to the scintillator structure for detecting the first and second different colors of light and generating output signals in response thereto. A detector electronics subsystem is responsive to the output signals and provides an indication of colors emitted by the scintillator structure to infer at least one property of the incoming radiation.

Examples of systems and methods for monitoring metabolic activity and detectors for detecting photons are disclosed. The methods can include detection in a front and a rear detector of a photon to determine a Compton cone. This Compton cone may be combined with further Compton cone, or Line of Response calculation to determine an origin of nuclear decay. In examples of the systems and methods, substantially real-time visualization of nuclear decay can be achieved.

A large-area directional radiation detection system may include a large number of slab-shaped detectors stacked side-by-side comprising alternate long and short detectors, where the long detectors are longitudinally longer than the short detectors. The long detectors may collimate or restrict the lateral field of view of the short detectors, so that a particular short detector that is aligned with the source has an unobstructed view of the source. By comparing detection distributions in the long and short detectors, a processor can determine the angular position and distance of a source. The high detection efficiency and large solid angle of the detector array may enable rapid detection of even well-shielded threat sources at substantial distances, while simultaneously determining the positions of any sources detected.

A system for characterising a beam of charged particles. The includes a stack comprising an ultra-thin pattern formed from an electrically conductive material; a thin substrate bearing the pattern. The stack forms an emitting electrode able to emit secondary electrons in proximity to a surface of the pattern when the emitting electrode is passed through by the beam of charged particles.

Disclosed is a directional gamma ray or neutron detector system that locates a radioactive source both horizontally and vertically. In some embodiments, the system comprises four side detectors arrayed around a detector axis, and an orthogonal front detector mounted frontward of the side detectors. Embodiments can calculate the azimuthal angle of the source based on the detection rates of the side detectors, while the polar angle of the source may be calculated from the front detector rate using a predetermined angular correlation function, thereby localizing the source from a single data set without iterative rotations. In applications such as hand-held survey meters, walk-through portals, vehicle cargo inspection stations, and mobile area scanners, embodiments enable rapid detection and precise localization of clandestine nuclear and radiological weapons.

Disclosed is a system for updating a reference time from a decaying rotational period of a pulsar. The system can include: a database (DB) configured to store: coordinates for a pulsar; a recorded rate of rotation (RROR) for the pulsar; a rotational rate of decay (RROD) function for the pulsar; and a recorded reference time for the pulsar. A sensor can be configured to collect electromagnetic pulsar radiation from the pulsar and generate sensor data. A signal processor module can be configured to receive the sensor data, generate an observed rate of rotation (OROR) signal profile, generate a current rate of rotation (CROR) for the pulsar from the OROR signal profile, and update the RROR from the CROR. A time processor module can be configured to receive the RROD function and the CROR, and to solve the RROD function to output a reference time of the pulsar.

Disclosed is a directional gamma ray or neutron detector that locates a source both horizontally and vertically. In some embodiments, the detector comprises four rod scintillators around a shield, and an orthogonal panel scintillator mounted frontward of the rod scintillators. The azimuthal angle of the source may be calculated according to the detection rates of the rod scintillators, while the polar angle of the source may be calculated from the panel scintillator rate using a predetermined angular correlation function. Thus, the exact location of the source can be found from a single data set without iterative rotations. Embodiments of the detector enable rapid detection and precise localization of clandestine nuclear and radiological weapons in applications ranging from hand-held survey meters and walk-through portals, to vehicle cargo inspection stations and mobile area scanners. Such detectors are needed to detect clandestine nuclear weapons worldwide.

A method and device for measuring the magnetic rigidity of penetrating charged particles uses an elongated transparent ionizable medium, surrounded by a reflective interface, extending along a helical path around a longitudinal axis. A magnet applies a magnetic field to the medium in a direction along the longitudinal axis. A single luminosity proportional photon detector is operationally associated with the medium and adapted to generate signals indicative of the number of photons transiting the medium. A controller is adapted to receive the signals and calculate a penetration depth of the ionizing particle through the medium based on the number of photons transiting the medium and a magnetic rigidity of the charged particle based upon the penetration depth.

Radiation detection arrangement and method for detection of external radiation using TADF material.