A method, including: generating updated velocity models, each corresponding to one of a plurality of initial velocity models of intersecting 2D seismic survey lines, wherein updates to the plurality of initial velocity models are computed by imposing a seismic-tie regularization constraint on an inversion process that inverts for the updates to the plurality of initial velocity models, and the seismic-tie regularization constraint causes the updated velocity models to have consistent values for depth of seismic reflectivity at intersecting spatial locations.

A system can receive fault likelihood data about a subterranean environment and apply a binary mask filter using a tuning parameter to convert the fault likelihood data to binary distribution data having a plurality of pixels arranged in a plurality of profiles in at least two directions. The system can perform, for each profile of the plurality of profiles, fault skeletonization on the binary distribution data to form fault skeletonization data with pixels connected that represent part of a fracture. The system can convert the fault skeletonization data to seismic volume data and combine and filter the seismic volume data in the at least two directions to form combined seismic volume data. The system can output the combined seismic volume data as an image for use in detecting objects to plan a wellbore operation.

A computer implemented method including a numerical model of a region of the earth modeling the acoustic behavior of that region. The method implements an acoustic wave propagator allowing the simulation of the propagation of pure P-waves in transversal isotropic media. The propagator can be applied to applications such as seismic forward modeling, reverse time migration and other two-way wave-equation based applications.

Simultaneous inversion of multi-vintage seismic data obtains seismic data for vintages and generates an initial earth model for each vintage. A cost function includes a data norm term having for at least one pair of vintages of seismic data a difference norm between a difference in obtained seismic data for the at least one pair of vintages and a difference in modeled seismic data for the at least one pair of vintages. The cost function also includes a model norm term for each pair of vintages selected from at least three vintages of seismic data. Each model norm term includes a difference norm between earth models for a given pair of vintages. A closure relationship is imposed on all earth models. The earth models are adjusted for the vintages to drive the cost function to a minimum and to produce updated earth models.

Computing device, computer instructions and method for processing input seismic data d. The method includes receiving the input seismic data d recorded in a data domain, solving a linear inversion problem constrained by input seismic data d to obtain a model domain and its energy, wherein the linear inversion problem is dependent on sparseness weights that are simultaneously a function of both time and frequency, reverse transforming the model domain energy to the data domain, and generating an image of a surveyed subsurface based on the reverse transformed model domain energy.

Synthetic survey data is generated using a two-way or one-way wave propagator based on a current model of a target structure. The current model is modified to reduce a difference between the synthetic survey data and observed survey data, while maintaining unchanged a velocity component of the current model, where the modifying of the current model produces a modified model. The modified model is used to reduce an adverse effect of multiples in the target structure, or to promote a favorable effect of multiples in the target structure.

A seismic modeling system may include a seismic model data storage device, and a processor cooperating with the seismic model data storage device to determine a first 3D boundary around a suspect region within a first seismic model spatial domain data set for a geological formation at a first time, and determine a second 3D boundary around the suspect region within a second seismic model spatial domain data set for the geological formation at a second time and after movement of the suspect region. The processor may also compare the second 3D boundary to the first 3D boundary to determine an overlapping portion where the first and second 3D boundary regions overlap, and at least one non-overlapping portion where the first and second 3D boundaries do not overlap, and inpaint the overlapping portion based upon the at least one non-overlapping portion.

A seismic modeling system is provided which may include a seismic model data storage device, and a processor cooperating with the seismic model data storage device to identify an obstruction within a seismic model spatial domain data set having a lateral boundary, and define a suspect area including spatial domain data within the lateral boundary and directly below the obstruction. The processor may further inpaint the suspect area in the seismic model spatial domain data set based upon an exemplar inpainting algorithm.

Systems and methods for performing seismic migration using an indexed matrix are disclosed. The method includes receiving a seismic trace from a receiver, determining a discretized position of the receiver, and determining a discretized position of a seismic source. The method also includes determining a set of migration indexes based on a matrix, the discretized position of the receiver, and the discretized position of the seismic source, and determining a set of amplitude weights based on the matrix, the discretized position of the receiver, and the discretized position of the seismic source. The method further includes migrating the seismic trace based on the set of migration indexes and the set of amplitude weights.

Computing systems, computer-readable media, and methods for seismic processing. The method includes receiving seismic data including acquired seismic waveforms that were acquired from a seismic receiver and represent a subterranean area, generating synthetic waveforms based on an initial model of the subterranean area, determining a model error by minimizing a local travel time shift error between one or more of the acquired seismic waveforms and one or more of the synthetic waveforms, and adjusting the initial model based on the model error to generate an adjusted model.