A method and system for identifying bonding between a material and tubing. The method may include disposing an acoustic logging tool in a wellbore, wherein the acoustic logging tool comprises a transmitter, a receiver, or a transceiver, broadcasting a shaped signal with the transmitter such that the shaped signal interacts with a boundary of a casing and a material and recording a result signal from the boundary with the receiver. The method may further comprise identifying a cut-off time to be applied to the result signal, transforming the result signal from a time domain to a frequency domain, selecting one or more modes sensitive to a bonding at the boundary between the casing and the material, computing a decay rate of the one or more modes that were selected based at least one or more decay curves, and converting the decay rate to a bonding log.

Provided are a device, method, and computer-readable recording medium for detecting an earthquake in a microelectromechanical system (MEMS)-based auxiliary seismic observation network. The method includes performing detrending of removing a moving average from original acceleration data received from single sensors of an MEMS-based auxiliary seismic observation network to preprocess the acceleration data, calculating a short-term average/long-term average (STA/LTA) value using a filter parameter value specified on the basis of the preprocessed acceleration data, generating an event occurrence message or event end message on the basis of the calculated STA/LTA value and transmitting the event occurrence message or event end message, when the event occurrence message is generated, calculating an earthquake probability through an earthquake detection deep learning model using the preprocessed acceleration data as an input, and analyzing noise by calculating a power spectral density (PSD) from the original acceleration data which is merged at certain intervals.

A method for weathered layer correction of seismic data includes identifying arrival times in the seismic data corresponding to a weathered layer velocity gradient. A velocity model of the weathered layer is generated using the arrival times. The seismic data are time adjusted using the velocity model.

Methods of and systems for forming an image of a subterranean region of interest are disclosed. The method includes obtaining an observed seismic dataset and a seismic velocity model for the subterranean region of interest and generating a simulated seismic dataset based on the seismic velocity model and the source and receiver geometry of the observed seismic dataset. The method also includes forming a plurality of time-windowed trace pairs from the simulated and the observed seismic datasets, and forming an objective function based on a penalty function and a cross-correlation between the members of each pair. The method further includes determining a seismic velocity increment based on the extremum of the objective function and forming an updated seismic velocity model by combining the seismic velocity increment and the seismic velocity model, and forming the image of the subterranean region of interest based on the updated seismic velocity model.

A process for drilling a well into a subsurface formation includes receiving data representing depth maps for a given subsurface region, each depth map being generated from seismic data acquired in a seismic survey at a subsurface region. The process includes determining, for depth maps of the plurality, respective weight values; generating data representing a combination of the depth maps based on the respective weight values; generating a cumulative distribution function (CDF) for a particular location in the subsurface region based on the data representing a combination of the depth maps; determining, based on the CDF for that particular location, a probability value representing a depth at which a geological layer occurs in the subsurface region at the particular location; and drilling the well into the subsurface formation at the particular location to a target depth based on the probability value.

A process for drilling a well into a subsurface formation includes receiving data representing depth maps for a given subsurface region, each depth map being generated from seismic data acquired in a seismic survey at a subsurface region. The process includes determining, for depth maps of the plurality, respective weight values; generating data representing a combination of the depth maps based on the respective weight values; generating a cumulative distribution function (CDF) for a particular location in the subsurface region based on the data representing a combination of the depth maps; determining, based on the CDF for that particular location, a probability value representing a depth at which a geological layer occurs in the subsurface region at the particular location; and drilling the well into the subsurface formation at the particular location to a target depth based on the probability value.

This disclosure presents processes and systems for generating an image of a subterranean formation from seismic data recorded in a seismic survey of the subterranean formation. The seismic data is contaminated with low frequency noise in a low frequency band. Processes and systems reconstruct seismic data in the low frequency band of the seismic data to obtain low frequency reconstructed seismic data that is free of the low frequency noise. The low frequency reconstructed seismic data is used to construct a velocity model of the subterranean formation. The velocity model and the low frequency reconstructed seismic data are used to generate an image of the subterranean formation that reveals structures of the subterranean formation without contamination from the low frequency noise.

Geologic modeling methods and systems disclosed herein employ an improved simulation meshing technique. One or more illustrative geologic modeling methods may comprise: obtaining a geologic model representing a faulted subsurface region in physical space; providing a set of background cells that encompass one or more partial faults within the subsurface region; defining a pseudo-extension from each unterminated edge of said one or more partial faults to a boundary of a corresponding background cell in said set; using the pseudo-extensions and the background cell boundaries to partition the subsurface region into sub-regions; deriving a simulation mesh in each sub-region based on the horizons in each sub-region; and outputting the simulation mesh.

Methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable media utilize data stacking to facilitate identification and/or correction of data interpretation conducted for a subsurface formation. Related data sets, such as well logs, may be displayed along with markers representing a common entity in the related data sets, such as formation features in a surface formation, and a visualization of stacked data may be generated and centered on the markers to highlight mis-alignment of any of the markers.

Methods, apparatuses, and computer-readable media utilize data stacking to facilitate identification and/or correction of data interpretation conducted for a subsurface formation. Related data sets, such as well logs, may be displayed along with markers representing a common entity in the related data sets, such as formation features in a surface formation, and a visualization of stacked data may be generated and centered on the markers to highlight mis-alignment of any of the markers.