Computing device, software and method for calibrating pilot and drive signals of a marine seismic source array using measured data. The method includes receiving a source array geometry and a model of the source array; estimating an initial overall response of the source array based on numerical simulations, the model of the source array, and the source array geometry; generating the pilot and drive signals for the source array based on the initial overall response; determining individual responses of the source elements, which form the source array, based on the source array geometry, the model of the source array, and first measured data; calculating an actual overall response of the source array based on the pilot and drive signals, the model of the source array and second measured data; and adjusting the pilot and drive signals based on the actual overall response of the source array.

A method includes collecting spectral data from fiber Bragg grating sensors distributed at locations along a fiber optic component positioned along a streamer; and analyzing the spectral data to produce measurements of bend of an axis of the streamer proximate the locations. A streamer monitoring system includes: a fiber optic component positioned along a streamer; a plurality of fiber Bragg grating sensors distributed at locations along the fiber optic component; a light source optically coupled to the fiber optic component and configured to interrogate the fiber Bragg grating sensors; a photodetector optically coupled to the fiber optic component and configured to collect spectral data from the interrogated fiber Bragg grating sensors; and a spectral analyzer in communication with the photodetector and configured to analyze the spectral data to produce measurements of bend of an axis of the streamer proximate the locations along the fiber optic component.

A system can include a source and a front float coupled to the source. The front float can include a winch configured to adjust a position of the source. The front float can include a control unit configured to control functions associated with the front float. Lead-ins can be coupled to the front float and the source and configured to accommodate transfer of electrical energy between the front float and the source.

In a first embodiment the invention comprises a method for gathering geophysical data, including towing geophysical data gathering equipment behind a survey vessel in a body of water, said equipment including an array of sensor streamers extending behind said vessel, and determining a geodetic location of a streamer steering reference point at a forward end of the sensor streamers and a reference direction. At least one sensor streamer included in said array of sensor streamers is laterally deflected in response to the determined geodetic location of said streamer steering reference point and the determined reference direction.

The present invention discloses a new submerged buoy data acquisition system, including a battery compartment, a main control processor, a GPS receiver, a gigabit Ethernet interface module, and a plurality of data acquisition boards, where the GPS receiver is connected to the main control processor, and the main control processor is connected to a host computer by using the gigabit Ethernet interface module; the data acquisition board includes a hydrophone sensor, a front-end drive circuit, an AD conversion circuit, a clock module, a DA conversion circuit, an FPGA, an ARM processor, and a storage module; the hydrophone sensor is connected to the AD conversion circuit by using the front-end drive circuit, the AD conversion circuit is connected to the FPGA, the FPGA is connected to the ARM processor, the storage module is connected to the ARM processor, the DA conversion circuit is connected to the FPGA and the clock module, the clock module is connected to the FPGA, and the ARM processor is connected to the main control processor. The present invention improves acquisition performance of the submerged buoy data acquisition system, and implements synchronous acquisition and control of the entire system.

A multi-vessel seismic data acquisition system having a first vessel towing a streamer containing a plurality of seismic receivers and a pair of seismic sources along a first shot line. At least one additional vessel tows only a single seismic source. Each additional single seismic source is spaced from the pair of seismic sources an offset distance in at least one of an inline direction and a crossline direction to the first shot line to define a first bin grid having a first bin size for the first vessel and a second bin grid having a second bin size for each additional vessel.

A method for processing seismic data may include receiving, via a processor, the seismic data acquired via a seismic survey. The seismic survey may include seismic sources that emit seismic wavefields at different locations. Each of the seismic sources may change a directivity pattern of a respective seismic wavefield based on a respective location of the respective seismic source. The seismic survey may also include seismic receivers that may receive the seismic data. The method may also include generating one or more basis functions that correspond to measurements of the seismic data, modelling a signal component of the seismic data as a sum of the one or more basis functions, and storing the signal component in a storage component. The signal component may be used to acquire an image of a subsurface region of the earth for identifying a feature in the subsurface region of the earth.

Systems and methods for improving or generating an image of a surveyed subsurface based on seismic interferometry. A method includes actuating interferometry-based sources over an area to be surveyed to generate seismic waves; recording seismic signals due to the interferometry-based sources, with seismic receivers; selecting traces corresponding to a pair of seismic receivers and an interferometry-based source such that ray paths between the interferometry-based source and the pair of seismic receivers contribute to a Green's function between the two receivers of the pair; cross-correlating the traces for calculating an earth's response associated with a ray propagating from a first seismic receiver of the pair to a second receiver of the pair; and generating an image based on the calculated earth's response.

Disclosed are methods and systems for using tension feedback from steerable deflectors. In one example, a method may comprise: towing sensors streamers in a body of water from a survey vessel, wherein each of the sensor streamers comprises geophysical sensors at spaced apart locations; towing steerable deflectors in the body of water from the survey vessel, wherein the steerable deflectors are used to provide a lateral component of force to the sensors streamers as the steerable deflectors are towed through the body of water; turning the survey vessel; measuring tension at the steerable deflectors during the step of turning the survey vessel; and in response to the step of measuring tension, determining at least one of a reduced vessel operating speed, an increased vessel operating speed, a reduced angle of attack for at least one of the steerable deflectors, an increased angle of attack for at least one of the steerable, an increased vessel turn radius, or a decreased vessel turn radius.

Systems and methods for surveying a seafloor utilize two or more of seismic data, acoustic data and electrical potential or resistivity data to identify the locations of objects on or beneath the seafloor. The methods involve moving survey equipment over a geographic area of the seafloor and conducting a plurality of sensing or detecting operations while moving the survey equipment over the geographic area. The plurality of operations include two or more of: (1) a seismic operation that emits seismic energy toward the seafloor and collects seismic data based on seismic energy that returns from the seafloor, (2) an acoustic operation that emits acoustic energy toward the seafloor and collects acoustic data based on acoustic energy that returns from the seafloor, and/or (3) an electrical operation that supplies electrical power into seawater and that collects electric potential data indicative of electric potential that is induced into the seawater.