An electrostatic sensor includes a detection electrode, a shield electrode provided in a periphery of the detection electrode, a first power supply coupled to the detection electrode and configured to generate an AC voltage having a first amplitude, a second power supply coupled to the shield electrode and configured to generate an AC voltage having a second amplitude, a measuring device configured to measure a quantity of charge flowing from the first power supply to the detection electrode, and a control device coupled to the measuring device. The AC voltages generated by the first and second power supplies have the same frequency and the same phase. The second amplitude is larger than the first amplitude. A detection target on a side of a detection surface is detected based on a change in an electrostatic capacitance between the detection electrode and the detection target.

A method for detecting clogging of a subsurface flow constructed wetland, including the steps of firstly emptying water in the subsurface flow constructed wetland, and then measuring the apparent resistivity of the subsurface flow constructed wetland bed after the water is emptied, wherein the water holding capacity of clogging sediments in the clogged region after emptying is strong, the apparent resistivity of this region is further measured to be lower than an unclogged region and the clogged region can thus be positioned and analyzed, the apparent resistivity of the region clogged more seriously is lower and the degree of clogging can thus be quantitatively analyzed.

A method for detecting clogging of a subsurface flow constructed wetland, including the steps of firstly emptying water in the subsurface flow constructed wetland, and then measuring the apparent resistivity of the subsurface flow constructed wetland bed after the water is emptied, wherein the water holding capacity of clogging sediments in the clogged region after emptying is strong, the apparent resistivity of this region is further measured to be lower than an unclogged region and the clogged region can thus be positioned and analyzed, the apparent resistivity of the region clogged more seriously is lower and the degree of clogging can thus be quantitatively analyzed.

Rim of steering wheel has a rim body and mounting component mounted to the rim body so as to be exposed from a portion of the rim body. Occupant information detection sensor for a steering wheel disposed in rim includes: sensor wire disposed in the rim body; and conductive member located on at least a surface side of mounting component and electrically connected or capacitively coupled with a portion of sensor wire.

Rim of steering wheel has a rim body and mounting component mounted to the rim body so as to be exposed from a portion of the rim body. Occupant information detection sensor for a steering wheel disposed in rim includes: sensor wire disposed in the rim body; and conductive member located on at least a surface side of mounting component and electrically connected or capacitively coupled with a portion of sensor wire.

A joint system includes flow paths coupled to a fluid device which handles a fluid, first and second electrodes separately provided to the flow paths to electrically make contact with the fluid in the flow paths, and a detection circuit which detects whether the fluid passing through the fluid device is present or absent. The detection circuit measures a degree of electrical conductivity between the flow paths by using the first and second electrodes and detects whether the fluid passing through the fluid device is present or absent in accordance with the degree of electrical conductivity between the flow paths.

A pest monitoring system generally includes a circuit, wherein the circuit is initially in a first impedance state that is configured to change to a second impedance state due to pest activity, wherein the second impedance state is lower than the first impedance state.

A pest monitoring system generally includes a circuit, wherein the circuit is initially in a first impedance state that is configured to change to a second impedance state due to pest activity, wherein the second impedance state is lower than the first impedance state.

Current supplied to electrical submersible pumps in wells is monitored, and signal processing based on wavelet analysis and phase diagram analysis is performed on the data obtained from monitoring. An incipient malfunction of the electrical submersible pump, such as one due to scale build-up in and around the pump, can be detected at an early stage.

Current supplied to electrical submersible pumps in wells is monitored, and signal processing based on wavelet analysis and phase diagram analysis is performed on the data obtained from monitoring. An incipient malfunction of the electrical submersible pump, such as one due to scale build-up in and around the pump, can be detected at an early stage.