Capacitivity and frequency effect index detection device and method, the device comprising a signal generator for generating alternating current signal having at least two frequencies; a current and phase generation module for generating current and phase information corresponding to each frequency; a first and second test electrodes, the first test electrode for sending the signal to a first position in a test area; the second test electrode for providing reference voltage at a second location in the test area; the first test electrode also for generating voltage information corresponding to each frequency, the voltage information as voltage information of the first position relative to the reference voltage of the second position; and a processing unit for determining at least one type of parameter information corresponding to each frequency and determining the capacitivity and frequency effect index of the test area according to any two frequencies and the parameter information.

A pest monitoring system generally includes a circuit, wherein the circuit is initially in a first impedance state that is configured to change to a second impedance state due to pest activity, wherein the second impedance state is lower than the first impedance state.

A pest monitoring system generally includes a circuit, wherein the circuit is initially in a first impedance state that is configured to change to a second impedance state due to pest activity, wherein the second impedance state is lower than the first impedance state.

Current supplied to electrical submersible pumps in wells is monitored, and signal processing based on wavelet analysis and phase diagram analysis is performed on the data obtained from monitoring. An incipient malfunction of the electrical submersible pump, such as one due to scale build-up in and around the pump, can be detected at an early stage.

Current supplied to electrical submersible pumps in wells is monitored, and signal processing based on wavelet analysis and phase diagram analysis is performed on the data obtained from monitoring. An incipient malfunction of the electrical submersible pump, such as one due to scale build-up in and around the pump, can be detected at an early stage.

Methods are provided for determining values of a pore cementation exponent m and/or a saturation exponent n for locations in a formation having similar petrophysical properties. Formation porosity, formation water saturation, and an apparent cementation exponent m.sub.n are obtained for the locations and their values are utilized to find the exponents. In one embodiment, the apparent cementation exponent and the formation water saturation are obtained from a dielectric logging tool.

Methods are provided for determining values of a pore cementation exponent m and/or a saturation exponent n for locations in a formation having similar petrophysical properties. Formation porosity, formation water saturation, and an apparent cementation exponent m.sub.n are obtained for the locations and their values are utilized to find the exponents. In one embodiment, the apparent cementation exponent and the formation water saturation are obtained from a dielectric logging tool.

A moisture detecting apparatus includes a pair of current electrodes, a pair of potential electrodes, a frequency allotting section, a resistivity calculating section, and an estimation section. The frequency allotting section allots frequencies at regular frequency intervals F in a range between first and second frequencies F1 and F2 (>F1) to a frequency of an alternating current. Each time a frequency is allotted, the resistivity calculating section calculates a resistivity value in a predetermined region of the ground using a current value A detected by the current electrodes and a voltage value V detected by the potential electrodes. The estimation section obtains a maximum value 1 and a minimum value 2 among resistivity values and estimates such that the smaller a quotient (1/2) obtained by dividing the maximum value 1 by the minimum value 2 is, the more moisture the predetermined region contains.

A moisture detecting apparatus includes a pair of current electrodes, a pair of potential electrodes, a frequency allotting section, a resistivity calculating section, and an estimation section. The frequency allotting section allots frequencies at regular frequency intervals F in a range between first and second frequencies F1 and F2 (>F1) to a frequency of an alternating current. Each time a frequency is allotted, the resistivity calculating section calculates a resistivity value in a predetermined region of the ground using a current value A detected by the current electrodes and a voltage value V detected by the potential electrodes. The estimation section obtains a maximum value 1 and a minimum value 2 among resistivity values and estimates such that the smaller a quotient (1/2) obtained by dividing the maximum value 1 by the minimum value 2 is, the more moisture the predetermined region contains.

Current supplied to electrical submersible pumps in wells is monitored, and signal processing based on wavelet analysis and phase diagram analysis is performed on the data obtained from monitoring. An incipient malfunction of the electrical submersible pump, such as one due to scale build-up in and around the pump, can be detected at an early stage.