The invention provides a composition comprising a three-dimensional amorphous trivalent network which reduces the number of modes within a particular frequency range (ω.sub.c±Δω). The invention also extends to use of the composition as a structural colouration material and a paint, dye or fabric comprising the structural colouration material. Additionally, the invention extends to use of the composition as an optical filter or as a supporting matrix configured to define at least one optical component, such as a frequency filter, light-guiding structure for a telecommunications application, an optical computer chip, an optical micro-circuit or a laser comprising the supporting matrix.

A mode control system and method for controlling an output mode of a broadband radiation source including a photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The mode control system includes at least one detection unit configured to measure one or more parameters of radiation emitted from the broadband radiation source to generate measurement data, and a processing unit configured to evaluate mode purity of the radiation emitted from the broadband radiation source, from the measurement data. Based on the evaluation, the mode control system is configured to generate a control signal for optimization of one or more pump coupling conditions of the broadband radiation source. The one or more pump coupling conditions relate to the coupling of a pump laser beam with respect to a fiber core of the photonic crystal fiber.

A method of decorating an article having an iridescent visual effect and an article with surface decoration are provided. The method comprises depositing a plurality of mono-dispersed particles onto a curved surface of the article, each particle having a size of from about 230 nm to about 360 nm with a polydispersity index (PDI) of below 0.2, to form a layer of regularly-ordered colloidal crystals on a surface having a curvature of at least 0.02 cm.sup.−1. The colloidal crystals create an iridescent visual effect on the surface where multiple colors can be seen as a person views the substrate from different angles, and the intensity and brightness of the colors is at an optimal level.

A photothermal converter using a wavelength selective perfect absorber made of a low-loss metal material or dielectric and a heat detection sensor are combined to develop a sensor that efficiently converts light of a specific wavelength into heat and further electrically detects the heat. Here, since the wavelength selective perfect absorber of the present invention has a periodic structure, it has high directivity, and can also be used as a small motion sensor or a watching sensor using detection of thermal radiation. In addition, it can also be used as a high-precision small position sensor by being combined with a laser light source matching the resonance wavelength of the sensor.

A device for producing polarized light includes a plurality of photonic crystal grid structures on a substrate. The plurality of photonic crystal grid structures includes one or more structured regions for the transmission of polarized blue light, polarized green light, and polarized red light. A green quantum dot layer is substantially positioned on the one or more structured regions for the transmission of polarized green light and a red quantum dot layer is substantially positioned on the one or more structured regions for the transmission of polarized red light. A blue light emitting diode array is disposed on the polarized light device such that the emission from the blue light emitting diode array facilitates the emission of red and green light from the red and green quantum dot layers.

A display device and a manufacturing method thereof are disclosed. The display device comprises an upper substrate (103), a lower substrate (104), a solvent (102), and ellipsoids (101), and the solvent (102) and the ellipsoids (101) are provided between the upper substrate (103) and the lower substrate (104). The ellipsoids are configured for forming photonic crystals and have electromagnetic characteristics. By means of photonic crystals formed by the ellipsoids having a shape of oval spheres with a size in order of nanometer or sub-micrometer, the display device can change wavelength of reflected light and present different colors, thus color images can be displayed.

A compact six-port Photonic Crystal (PhC) circulator includes a hexagonal PhC branch waveguide and six waveguide ports, wherein six PhC branch waveguides respectively correspond to the six waveguide ports, and the six waveguide ports respectively are symmetrically distributed at the periphery of PhCs. One second dielectric material column is arranged at the center of the hexagonal PhC waveguide. Six identical magneto-optical material columns respectively are arranged at first adjacent positions of the second dielectric material column. Six identical third dielectric material columns respectively are arranged at second adjacent positions of the second dielectric material column. An electromagnetic signal is inputted from any one of the waveguide ports and is outputted from the next waveguide port adjacent thereto, while the remaining waveguide ports are in a signal isolated state, thus forming unidirectional circular transmission.

An optical film, a manufacturing method thereof and a display device are provided. The optical film includes a photonic crystal film substrate and a plurality of linear defective portions penetrating the photonic crystal film substrate in a thickness direction in the photonic crystal film substrate. A lattice period of each of the linear defective portions is different from a lattice period of the photonic crystal film substrate, and the photonic crystal film substrate includes a plurality of first regions and a plurality of second regions. The first regions and the second regions are alternately distributed along at least one direction in a plane where the photonic crystal thin film is located. The linear defective portion located in each of the first regions has a first light exiting direction. The linear defective portion in each of the second regions has a second light exiting direction.

A structure includes a first material, the first material including an artificially structured array of elements, the first material further being arranged in a pattern to at least partially form a photonic band gap in a band gap frequency range. The first material has an effective permeability or an effective permittivity in the band gap frequency range that is determined at least partially by the elements in the array.

A photonic crystal, a light conversion device, a display panel, and a pair of glasses are provided. The photonic crystal of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes first dielectric layers and second dielectric layers having different refractive indexes, and the first dielectric layers and the second dielectric layers are alternately stacked. A thickness and a refractive index of each of the first dielectric layers and a thickness and a refractive index of each of the second dielectric layers are configured such that the photonic crystal blocks blue light with a wavelength of 420 nm to 470 nm incident into the photonic crystal from passing through the photonic crystal.