Provided are a heating film that can be manufactured via a simple manufacturing process and that excels in environmental resistance, a lens comprising the heating film, and an in-vehicle camera comprising the lens. The manufacturing method for a heating film for heating a lens comprises a supplying step for supplying a film raw material containing a carbon filler, a binder resin, and a solvent, in a heated state or a room temperature state according to a supply thickness of the film raw material.

Provided are a heating film that can be manufactured via a simple manufacturing process and that excels in environmental resistance, a lens comprising the heating film, and an in-vehicle camera comprising the lens. The manufacturing method for a heating film for heating a lens comprises a supplying step for supplying a film raw material containing a carbon filler, a binder resin, and a solvent, in a heated state or a room temperature state according to a supply thickness of the film raw material.

An optical structure having enhanced optical properties, the optical structure comprising a bulk homogenous substrate that is surface modified so as to provide the enhanced optical properties. Surface modification of the bulk homogenous substrate can comprise removing portions of the bulk homogenous substrate to provide nanostructure elements at the surface, thereby providing an improved optical structure formed of a homogenous material. Methods for enhancing the optical properties of a bulk homogenous substrate include surface modifying the bulk homogenous substrate to provide an optical structure formed of a homogenous material, the optical structure having enhanced optical properties compared to the unmodified bulk homogenous material.

An optical structure having enhanced optical properties, the optical structure comprising a bulk homogenous substrate that is surface modified so as to provide the enhanced optical properties. Surface modification of the bulk homogenous substrate can comprise removing portions of the bulk homogenous substrate to provide nanostructure elements at the surface, thereby providing an improved optical structure formed of a homogenous material. Methods for enhancing the optical properties of a bulk homogenous substrate include surface modifying the bulk homogenous substrate to provide an optical structure formed of a homogenous material, the optical structure having enhanced optical properties compared to the unmodified bulk homogenous material.

A method for producing an optical element having a main body with a first side surface, which has a first optical coating, and at least one second side surface, which is not plane-parallel to the first side surface and has a second optical coating, is proposed. The method includes the steps of: determining the stress induced in the optical element by the first optical coating of the first side surface; determining a counter-stress, so that the resultant overall stress induced in the optical element is as small as possible; determining the second optical coating while taking into account the determined counter-stress and the optical parameters of the second optical coating; applying the first optical coating on the first side surface; and, applying the second optical coating on the at least one second side surface.

A method for producing an optical element having a main body with a first side surface, which has a first optical coating, and at least one second side surface, which is not plane-parallel to the first side surface and has a second optical coating, is proposed. The method includes the steps of: determining the stress induced in the optical element by the first optical coating of the first side surface; determining a counter-stress, so that the resultant overall stress induced in the optical element is as small as possible; determining the second optical coating while taking into account the determined counter-stress and the optical parameters of the second optical coating; applying the first optical coating on the first side surface; and, applying the second optical coating on the at least one second side surface.

Multilayer metallo-dielectric energy control coatings are disclosed in which one or more layers are formed from a hydrogenated metal nitride dielectric, which may be hydrogenated during or after dielectric deposition. Properties of the multilayer coating may be configured by appropriately tuning the hydrogen concentration (and/or the spatial profile thereof) in one or more hydrogenated metal nitride dielectric layers. One or more metal layers of the multilayer coating may be formed on a hydrogenated nitride dielectric layer, thereby facilitating adhesion of the metal with a low percolation threshold and enabling the formation of thin metal layers that exhibit substantial transparency in the visible spectrum. Optical properties of the coating may be tuned through modulation of metal-dielectric interface roughness and dispersion of metal nanoparticles in the dielectric layer. Electrical busbars and micro-nano electrical grids may be integrated with one or more metal layers to provide functionality such as de-icing and defogging.

A method of forming a plurality of gratings for an optical device structure are provided. The method utilizes a high refractive index material and a metallic coating.

A method of forming a plurality of gratings for an optical device structure are provided. The method utilizes a high refractive index material and a metallic coating.

Provided are an optical element that can make the brightness of light emitted from a light guide plate uniform, a light guide element, and an image display device. The optical element includes a patterned cholesteric liquid crystal layer that is obtained by immobilizing a cholesteric liquid crystalline phase, in which the patterned cholesteric liquid crystal layer has a liquid crystal alignment pattern in which a direction of an optical axis derived from a liquid crystal compound changes while continuously rotating in at least one in-plane direction, and the patterned cholesteric liquid crystal layer has regions having different pitches of helical structures in a plane.