A plastic optical fiber for a medical device lighting decreases the cost of a lens and simplify the design of a lighting apparatus, wherein the plastic optical fiber for a medical device includes a core composed of a (co)polymer containing methyl methacrylate as a main component and is characterized by including a cladding material composed of a copolymer having a fluorine weight composition ratio of 60 to 74%, and by having a theoretical numerical aperture, NA, of 0.48 to 0.65 and, thus, the plastic optical fiber has a high numerical aperture and also has excellent translucency and flexibility.

An optical-fiber ribbon having excellent flexibility, strength, and robustness includes optical fibers having a sacrificial, outer release layer that facilitates separation of an optical fiber from the optical-fiber ribbon without damaging the optical fiber's glass core, glass cladding, primary coating, secondary coating, and ink layer, if present.

Photonic integrated circuits (PICs) enable manipulation of light on a chip for telecommunications and information processing. They can be made with silicon and silicon-compatible materials using complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) fabrication techniques developed for making electronics. Unfortunately, most light sources are made with III-V and II-VI materials, which are not compatible with silicon CMOS fabrication techniques. As a result, the light source for a PIC is either off-chip or integrated onto the PIC after CMOS fabrication is over. Hybrid integration can be improved by forming a recess in the PIC to receive a III-V or II-VI photonic chip. Mechanical stops formed in or next to the recess during fabrication align the photonic chip vertically to the PIC. Fiducials on the PIC and the photonic chip enable sub-micron lateral alignment. As a result, the photonic chip can be flip-chip bonded to the PIC with sub-micron vertical and lateral alignment precision.

A light guide structure (100) has a first main surface (101) and an opposite second main surface (102) and is configured to guide light in the light guide structure via total internal reflections at the first and the second main surfaces. The light guide structure comprises an out-coupling arrangement (120) configured to couple light propagating in the light guide structure out of it through the first and/or the second main surface. The light guide structure comprises two cladding layers (111.sub.1, 111.sub.2) and a core layer (110) sandwiched between the cladding layers, the core layer comprising a core material and the cladding layers comprising cladding materials, respectively. The core material has its elasticity higher than the elasticities of the cladding materials, and its refractive index for a design wavelength substantially the same as the refractive indices of the cladding materials.

The present invention provides a polymer optical waveguide containing a core and a cladding having a refractive index lower than that of the core, in which each of the core and the cladding is a cured product of a curable composition cured by light irradiation, and the cladding has an absorbance of 0.23 or low per 50 m of film thickness at a wavelength of 365 nm.

A passive microscopic Fabry-Prot Interferometer (FPI) sensor an optical fiber a three-dimensional microscopic optical structure formed on a cleaved tip of an optical fighter that reflects a light signal back through the optical fiber. The reflected light is altered by refractive index changes in the three-dimensional structure that is subject to at least one of: (i) thermal radiation; and (ii) volatile organic compounds.

A cable assembly having a connector and a cable having a fiber connector, wherein the connector contains a circuit for converting electrical signals to optical signals for transmitting video or high data rate data, and the connector has an interface to connect with the fiber connector of the cable, so that the cable and the connector can be separated for making each of the connector and the cable as a standalone component.

Coated optical fibers and uses of such fibers as sensors in high temperature and/or high pressure environments. The coated optical fiber has improved sensing properties at elevated pressure and/or temperature, such as enhanced acoustic sensitivity and/or a reduced loss in acoustic sensitivity. The use of the coated optical fibers in various sensing applications that require operation under elevated pressure and/or temperature, such as, acoustic sensors for various geological, security, military, aerospace, marine, and oil and gas applications are also provided.

A light cylinder, a dispenser, and a method of manufacturing a light cylinder are disclosed. The light cylinder includes an outer layer and an inside layer, where the inside layer is formed by filling optical resin into the inside space of the outer layer, and the refractive index of the optical resin is determined in consideration of the refractive index of the outer layer.

An optical transmission system according to the present disclosure is a mode multiplexed optical transmission system using a multi-mode optical fiber in which a plurality of propagation modes propagate as a transmission line, the optical transmission system including an optical fiber transmission line (83) that includes an optical fiber with two or more propagation modes; and a plurality of mode converters (91) that are configured to generate mode coupling between at least one pair of the propagation modes, in which a variation in an installation interval of the plurality of mode converters (91) is equal to or less than a threshold value determined by the transmission line length (Lt) of the optical fiber transmission line (83).