The present invention relates to a light guiding arrangement (1) for transmitting electromagnetic radiation, in particular ultraviolet and/or infrared radiation, and a spark and/or flame detector that uses same. The light guiding arrangement (1) comprises a housing (10) and a light guiding rod (20), wherein the housing (10) has a light entrance opening (12) and a light exit opening (14) situated opposite, wherein the light guiding rod (20) is arranged in the housing (10) between the light entrance opening (12) and the light exit opening (14), wherein the light guiding rod (20) is mounted resiliently on at least one side in the housing (10).

A germicidal lighting device includes an ultraviolet (UV) light source, a planar waveguide with a first surface, a second surface opposite to the first surface, and at least one edge surface perpendicular to the two parallel surfaces, and an optical filter. The UV light source is positioned adjacent to the edge surface of the planar waveguide to shine its UV light into the planar waveguide through the edge surface, and the UV light travels in the planar waveguide via total internal reflection. The first surface of the planer waveguide has a mechanism to reflect the UV light at an exit angle to exit the planar waveguide through the second surface. The optical filter filters a portion of the UV. Moreover, the light emitting area of the second surface of the planar waveguide is bigger than the light emitting surface area of the UV light source.

Building blocks are provided for on-chip chemical sensors and other highly-compact photonic integrated circuits combining interband or quantum cascade lasers and detectors with passive waveguides and other components integrated on a III-V or silicon. A MWIR or LWIR laser source is evanescently coupled into a passive extended or resonant-cavity waveguide that provides evanescent coupling to a sample gas (or liquid) for spectroscopic chemical sensing. In the case of an ICL, the uppermost layer of this passive waveguide has a relatively high index of refraction that enables it to form the core of the waveguide, while the ambient air, consisting of the sample gas, functions as the top cladding layer. A fraction of the propagating light beam is absorbed by the sample gas if it contains a chemical species having a fingerprint absorption feature within the spectral linewidth of the laser emission.

A terahertz hollow core waveguide includes several successively cascaded waveguide units, and the waveguide units includes fiber core and cladding. The fiber core is composed of air, and the cladding is composed of dielectric rings, air rings, support strips, and an outer cladding. The medium rings and the air rings are successively surrounded on the outside of the fiber core, and the outer cladding is surrounded on the outside of the outermost air ring. All support strips in the same air ring of the same waveguide unit form a support strip group, and the support strips in the support strip group are arranged along the circumferential direction to connect two adjacent dielectric rings in the same waveguide unit or to connect the outermost dielectric ring and the outer cladding in the same waveguide unit.

A system may include one or more electronic devices. Fiber bundles may be provided to convey light. A fiber bundle may have a bend along its length. Fibers for the fiber bundle may be formed from polymer cores coated with polymer claddings. The fibers may have end faces coated with antireflection coatings. The antireflection coatings may be formed from amorphous fluoropolymer deposited from solution. The fluoropolymer may be applied to the end faces of the fibers by dipping, spraying, or by dispensing with a needle dispenser or other dispensing tool. An optical component such as a light-emitting device for a communications system, an illumination system, or a sensor system may provide infrared light that is guided through the fiber bundle.

The invention relates to garment assembly for the transmission of the external light radiations or light waves to the skin underneath the garment assembly, more particularly it relates to a garment assembly comprising at least a light wave guiding means with preferably one or more light wave collecting means and preferably one or more light wave diffusing means, for collecting light waves from the external side of the garment assembly and transferring it to the skin covered by the garment assembly or by another garment. Said garment assembly may be composed by a first part, facing an external side of the garment assembly and a second part, facing an internal side of the garment assembly, which are permanently or detachably optically coupled to each other through said wave guiding means.

Systems and methods are provided for an integrated chip. An integrated chip includes a package substrate including a plurality of first layers and a plurality of second layers, each second layer being disposed between a respective adjacent pair of the first layers. A transceiver unit is disposed above the package substrate. A waveguide unit including a plurality of waveguides having top and bottom walls formed in the first layers of the package substrate and sidewalls formed in the second layers of the package substrate.

Building blocks are provided for on-chip chemical sensors and other highly-compact photonic integrated circuits combining interband or quantum cascade lasers and detectors with passive waveguides and other components integrated on a III-V or silicon. A MWIR or LWIR laser source is evanescently coupled into a passive extended or resonant-cavity waveguide that provides evanescent coupling to a sample gas (or liquid) for spectroscopic chemical sensing. In the case of an ICL, the uppermost layer of this passive waveguide has a relatively high index of refraction that enables it to form the core of the waveguide, while the ambient air, consisting of the sample gas, functions as the top cladding layer. A fraction of the propagating light beam is absorbed by the sample gas if it contains a chemical species having a fingerprint absorption feature within the spectral linewidth of the laser emission.

A transceiver separates wavelength-division-multiplexing (WDM) components into two groups, one of which is more sensitive to temperature than the other group. The temperature-sensitive group of optical components is implemented on a first substrate in the transceiver that has a lower thermo-optic coefficient than a second substrate in the transceiver, which contains the group of optical components that is less temperature sensitive. In particular, the first substrate, which may be glass, may include WDM components that convey optical signals having multiple carrier wavelengths. Moreover, the second substrate, such as a silicon substrate (e.g., a silicon-on-insulator platform), may include multiple parallel optical paths with optical components, in which a given optical path conveys an optical signal having a given carrier wavelength.

Infrared Remote Over Video Fiber (IROVF) transports any combination of uncompressed/unprocessed/native full quality, full bandwidth, zero latency, and mixed analog and digital signals including audio, video, data, Ethernet, USB, S/PDIF, and TOSLINK, over a fiber optic based cable added with integrated infrared remote control capabilities to remote control uni/bi-directional audio video and IR devices remotely from either sides of the cable Without requiring additional processing adapters, nor processing or reducing the specs of the other carried audio-video data signals which stays original uncompressed, untouched, and unprocessed for a perfect as-is full original functionality and quality.