An apparatus and a method for powder bed fusion additive manufacturing involve a multiple-chamber design achieving a high efficiency and throughput. The multiple-chamber design features concurrent printing of one or more print jobs inside one or more build chambers, side removals of printed objects from build chambers allowing quick exchanges of powdered materials, and capabilities of elevated process temperature controls of build chambers and post processing heat treatments of printed objects. The multiple-chamber design also includes a height-adjustable optical assembly in combination with a fixed build platform method suitable for large and heavy printed objects. A side removal mechanism of the build chambers of the apparatus improves handling and efficiency for printing large and heavy objects. Use of a wide range of sensors in the apparatus and by the method allows various feedback to improve quality, manufacturing throughput, and energy efficiency.

The embodiment relates to a lens assembly and a camera module including the same.

The lens assembly according to the embodiment may include a housing 20, a first group lens assembly 210 disposed in the housing 20, and a second group lens assembly 320 disposed at one side of the first group lens assembly 210. The first group lens assembly 210 may be a fixed lens assembly, and may include a first lens 211 and a liquid lens 215. The second group lens assembly 320 may be a movable lens assembly and may include a second lens group 220. In an embodiment, the first group lens assembly 210 may have a negative (−) refractive power as a whole, and the second group lens assembly 320 may have a positive (+) refractive power as a whole.

A zoom lens includes: n lenses arranged along a direction of an optical axis; a diaphragm arranged parallel to the lenses; and an imaging surface arranged at an end of the optical axis and parallel to the n lenses. The n lenses include m variable curvature lenses and n-m aspheric lenses, driving devices are provided at a top end and a bottom end of each curvature lens, where n and m are positive integer, n≥2, and 1≤m≤n. An incident angle is obtained by changing power of the driving devices corresponding to each variable curvature lens and changing a radius of curvature of the curvature lens. When incident light corresponding to an object is received, the incident light is capable of passing through the n lenses under a light-confining effect of the diaphragm and being reflected to the imaging surface at the incident angle for imaging.

A zoom lens includes: n lenses arranged along a direction of an optical axis; a diaphragm arranged parallel to the lenses; and an imaging surface arranged at an end of the optical axis and parallel to the n lenses. The n lenses include m variable curvature lenses and n-m aspheric lenses, driving devices are provided at a top end and a bottom end of each curvature lens, where n and m are positive integer, n≥2, and 1≤m≤n. An incident angle is obtained by changing power of the driving devices corresponding to each variable curvature lens and changing a radius of curvature of the curvature lens. When incident light corresponding to an object is received, the incident light is capable of passing through the n lenses under a light-confining effect of the diaphragm and being reflected to the imaging surface at the incident angle for imaging.

An additive manufacturing system including a two-dimensional energy patterning system for imaging a powder bed is disclosed. Improved structure formation, part creation and manipulation, use of multiple additive manufacturing systems, and high throughput manufacturing methods suitable for automated or semi-automated factories are also disclosed.

An additive manufacturing system including a two-dimensional energy patterning system for imaging a powder bed is disclosed. Improved structure formation, part creation and manipulation, use of multiple additive manufacturing systems, and high throughput manufacturing methods suitable for automated or semi-automated factories are also disclosed.

A manipulator device such as a robot arm that is capable of increasing manufacturing throughput for additively manufactured parts, and allows for the manipulation of parts that would be difficult or impossible for a human to move is described. The manipulator can grasp various permanent or temporary additively manufactured manipulation points on a part to enable repositioning or maneuvering of the part.

A manipulator device such as a robot arm that is capable of increasing manufacturing throughput for additively manufactured parts, and allows for the manipulation of parts that would be difficult or impossible for a human to move is described. The manipulator can grasp various permanent or temporary additively manufactured manipulation points on a part to enable repositioning or maneuvering of the part.

A method of additive manufacture is disclosed. The method may include restricting, by an enclosure, an exchange of gaseous matter between an interior of the enclosure and an exterior of the enclosure. The method may further include running multiple machines within the enclosure. Each of the machines may execute its own process of additive manufacture. While the machines are running, a gas management system may maintain gaseous oxygen within the enclosure at or below a limiting oxygen concentration for the interior.

A method of additive manufacture is disclosed. The method may include restricting, by an enclosure, an exchange of gaseous matter between an interior of the enclosure and an exterior of the enclosure. The method may further include running multiple machines within the enclosure. Each of the machines may execute its own process of additive manufacture. While the machines are running, a gas management system may maintain gaseous oxygen within the enclosure at or below a limiting oxygen concentration for the interior.